They don't come right out and say this but how useful is studying this in mice?
Rodent inflammation is not the same as human inflammation
The latest here:
Editorial Article: Understanding the Inflammatory Response to Stroke in the Human Brain through Mouse Models
Dr. Vivian Nguyen, an Assistant Professor in the Department of Neurology at the University of Arizona spoke about her research using multiplex immunoassays from MilliporeSigma. Her lab is focused on mixed dementia and has recently published the first comprehensive characterization of the inflammatory response to stroke in the human brain. Dr. Nguyen is continuing to map the pathological changes that occur throughout the brain in the weeks and months following stroke in models of Alzheimer’s disease.
Neuroinflammation and
Alzheimer’s Disease
Mixed dementia, as explained by Dr. Nguyen, is a condition in which
pathology characteristics of more than one type of dementia co-exist in an
individual, for example, stroke infarcts alongside the neuropathology
characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Following post-stroke dementia
work, Dr. Nguyen’s lab wanted to determine the impact of inflammation lasting
for months following stroke, why there is also chronic blood-brain barrier
dysfunction, and whether stroke causes long-term dysfunction of the glymphatic
system, which is the brain’s version of the lymphatic system. The goal of her
research is to determine the contributing factors of mixed dementia in the hope
of developing treatments in the clinic. Her work demonstrates that there is a
persistent inflammatory response in the human brain following stroke. With her
research, she endeavors to bring more scientific attention to the fact that
inflammation following stroke is very slow to fully resolve. Her data suggests
that not only is this neurotoxic of itself, it also has important consequences
for the blood-brain barrier and the glymphatic system and is a cause of
post-stroke dementia in some patients and mixed dementia in other patients,
such as those with a risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease.
The Importance of Technology
There are several methodologies being employed by the Nguyen lab which
include: immunostaining, confocal microscopy, electron microscopy, histology,
flow cytometry, multiplex immunoassays, and mouse behavioral testing. The
microscope techniques are vital for determining the distribution and
localization of different immune cells with markers of neurodegeneration. Flow
cytometry, which is also a technology offered by MilliporeSigma,
is vital for the identification of the immune cells that localize with areas of
neurodegeneration. Multiplex immunoassays are used for the precise measurement
of various cytokines and neurodegenerative proteins present in the brains of
the dementia subjects. Mouse behavioral testing is used to monitor the dementia
phenotype in the mice. MilliporeSigma’s cytokine and chemokine portfolio kits
were used to determine the characteristics of the cytokine and chemokine
responses to stroke in both mouse and human brain tissue. The MILLIPLEX®
MAP panels provided more
comprehensive immunology panel options for both mouse and human tissue compared
to their competitors. Dr. Nguyen would recommend these kits. Expanding on this,
“The kits have always worked well and the inclusion of quality controls within
each kit means that we can easily authenticate and validate that they’ve worked
well. Also, not only are these kits compatible with brain tissue, but we have
used them on lysates from other tissues such as spleen and heart, as well as
plasma.” Dr. Nguyen also notes that the kits have protocols that “are clear and
easy to follow, they provide prompt and knowledgeable tech support, and they
work seamlessly with MILLIPLEX®
Analyst Software, which we use to analyze our data and is very
user-friendly.”
|
MilliporeSigma’s MILLIPLEX® MAP panels being used for cytokine &
chemokine testing.
|
Future Perspectives
The lab plans to continue to map the pathological changes (i.e.
neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and
glymphatic dysfunction) that occur throughout the brain in the weeks and months
following stroke in both wild type mice and transgenic mouse models of
Alzheimer’s disease. To date, most stroke research in rodent models and human
studies has focused on the acute response to stroke. Dr. Nguyen’s research
highlights the fact that the inflammatory response to stroke does not resolve
as effectively in the brain as inflammation does in other tissues. They also
plan to test whether neurotrophic compounds can mitigate these changes. They
also have future plans to look at components of the prolonged inflammatory
response to stroke to determine whether post-stroke dementia, and mixed
dementia, can be treated by selectively ablating individual immune mediators.
Determining how variable the inflammatory response to stroke is in different
people, and how it is impacted by age-related comorbidities is also another
direction Dr. Nguyen’s field must go.For more information on Dr Nguyen's research read the following article.
Dr.
Vivian Nguyen, an Assistant Professor in the Department of Neurology at
the University of Arizona spoke about her research using multiplex
immunoassays from MilliporeSigma. Her lab is focused on mixed dementia
and has recently published the first comprehensive characterization of
the inflammatory response to stroke in the human brain. Dr. Nguyen is
continuing to map the pathological changes that occur throughout the
brain in the weeks and months following stroke in models of Alzheimer’s
disease.
For more information on Dr Nguyen's research read the following article.
- See more at: http://www.selectscience.net/editorial-articles/understanding-the-inflammatory-response-to-stroke-in-the-human-brain-through-mouse-models/?artID=42890&#sthash.2rhNYVNz.dpuf
Neuroinflammation and Alzheimer’s Disease
Mixed dementia, as explained by Dr. Nguyen, is a condition in which
pathology characteristics of more than one type of dementia co-exist in
an individual, for example, stroke infarcts alongside the neuropathology
characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Following post-stroke
dementia work, Dr. Nguyen’s lab wanted to determine the impact of
inflammation lasting for months following stroke, why there is also
chronic blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and whether stroke causes
long-term dysfunction of the glymphatic system, which is the brain’s
version of the lymphatic system. The goal of her research is to
determine the contributing factors of mixed dementia in the hope of
developing treatments in the clinic. Her work demonstrates that there is
a persistent inflammatory response in the human brain following stroke.
With her research, she endeavors to bring more scientific attention to
the fact that inflammation following stroke is very slow to fully
resolve. Her data suggests that not only is this neurotoxic of itself,
it also has important consequences for the blood-brain barrier and the
glymphatic system and is a cause of post-stroke dementia in some
patients and mixed dementia in other patients, such as those with a risk
for developing Alzheimer’s disease.
The Importance of Technology
There are several methodologies being employed by the Nguyen lab
which include: immunostaining, confocal microscopy, electron microscopy,
histology, flow cytometry, multiplex immunoassays, and mouse behavioral
testing. The microscope techniques are vital for determining the
distribution and localization of different immune cells with markers of
neurodegeneration. Flow cytometry, which is also a technology offered by
MilliporeSigma,
is vital for the identification of the immune cells that localize with
areas of neurodegeneration. Multiplex immunoassays are used for the
precise measurement of various cytokines and neurodegenerative proteins
present in the brains of the dementia subjects. Mouse behavioral testing
is used to monitor the dementia phenotype in the mice. MilliporeSigma’s
cytokine and chemokine portfolio kits were used to determine the
characteristics of the cytokine and chemokine responses to stroke in
both mouse and human brain tissue. The MILLIPLEX® MAP panels
provided more comprehensive immunology panel options for both mouse and
human tissue compared to their competitors. Dr. Nguyen would recommend
these kits. Expanding on this, “The kits have always worked well and the
inclusion of quality controls within each kit means that we can easily
authenticate and validate that they’ve worked well. Also, not only are
these kits compatible with brain tissue, but we have used them on
lysates from other tissues such as spleen and heart, as well as plasma.”
Dr. Nguyen also notes that the kits have protocols that “are clear and
easy to follow, they provide prompt and knowledgeable tech support, and
they work seamlessly with MILLIPLEX® Analyst Software, which we use to analyze our data and is very user-friendly.”
MilliporeSigma’s MILLIPLEX® MAP panels being used for cytokine & chemokine testing.
|
Future Perspectives
The lab plans to continue to map the pathological changes (i.e.
neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, blood-brain barrier dysfunction,
and glymphatic dysfunction) that occur throughout the brain in the weeks
and months following stroke in both wild type mice and transgenic mouse
models of Alzheimer’s disease. To date, most stroke research in rodent
models and human studies has focused on the acute response to stroke.
Dr. Nguyen’s research highlights the fact that the inflammatory response
to stroke does not resolve as effectively in the brain as inflammation
does in other tissues. They also plan to test whether neurotrophic
compounds can mitigate these changes. They also have future plans to
look at components of the prolonged inflammatory response to stroke to
determine whether post-stroke dementia, and mixed dementia, can be
treated by selectively ablating individual immune mediators. Determining
how variable the inflammatory response to stroke is in different
people, and how it is impacted by age-related comorbidities is also
another direction Dr. Nguyen’s field must go.For more information on Dr Nguyen's research read the following article.
- See more at: http://www.selectscience.net/editorial-articles/understanding-the-inflammatory-response-to-stroke-in-the-human-brain-through-mouse-models/?artID=42890&#sthash.2rhNYVNz.dpuf
Dr.
Vivian Nguyen, an Assistant Professor in the Department of Neurology at
the University of Arizona spoke about her research using multiplex
immunoassays from MilliporeSigma. Her lab is focused on mixed dementia
and has recently published the first comprehensive characterization of
the inflammatory response to stroke in the human brain. Dr. Nguyen is
continuing to map the pathological changes that occur throughout the
brain in the weeks and months following stroke in models of Alzheimer’s
disease.
For more information on Dr Nguyen's research read the following article.
- See more at: http://www.selectscience.net/editorial-articles/understanding-the-inflammatory-response-to-stroke-in-the-human-brain-through-mouse-models/?artID=42890&#sthash.2rhNYVNz.dpuf
Neuroinflammation and Alzheimer’s Disease
Mixed dementia, as explained by Dr. Nguyen, is a condition in which
pathology characteristics of more than one type of dementia co-exist in
an individual, for example, stroke infarcts alongside the neuropathology
characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Following post-stroke
dementia work, Dr. Nguyen’s lab wanted to determine the impact of
inflammation lasting for months following stroke, why there is also
chronic blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and whether stroke causes
long-term dysfunction of the glymphatic system, which is the brain’s
version of the lymphatic system. The goal of her research is to
determine the contributing factors of mixed dementia in the hope of
developing treatments in the clinic. Her work demonstrates that there is
a persistent inflammatory response in the human brain following stroke.
With her research, she endeavors to bring more scientific attention to
the fact that inflammation following stroke is very slow to fully
resolve. Her data suggests that not only is this neurotoxic of itself,
it also has important consequences for the blood-brain barrier and the
glymphatic system and is a cause of post-stroke dementia in some
patients and mixed dementia in other patients, such as those with a risk
for developing Alzheimer’s disease.
The Importance of Technology
There are several methodologies being employed by the Nguyen lab
which include: immunostaining, confocal microscopy, electron microscopy,
histology, flow cytometry, multiplex immunoassays, and mouse behavioral
testing. The microscope techniques are vital for determining the
distribution and localization of different immune cells with markers of
neurodegeneration. Flow cytometry, which is also a technology offered by
MilliporeSigma,
is vital for the identification of the immune cells that localize with
areas of neurodegeneration. Multiplex immunoassays are used for the
precise measurement of various cytokines and neurodegenerative proteins
present in the brains of the dementia subjects. Mouse behavioral testing
is used to monitor the dementia phenotype in the mice. MilliporeSigma’s
cytokine and chemokine portfolio kits were used to determine the
characteristics of the cytokine and chemokine responses to stroke in
both mouse and human brain tissue. The MILLIPLEX® MAP panels
provided more comprehensive immunology panel options for both mouse and
human tissue compared to their competitors. Dr. Nguyen would recommend
these kits. Expanding on this, “The kits have always worked well and the
inclusion of quality controls within each kit means that we can easily
authenticate and validate that they’ve worked well. Also, not only are
these kits compatible with brain tissue, but we have used them on
lysates from other tissues such as spleen and heart, as well as plasma.”
Dr. Nguyen also notes that the kits have protocols that “are clear and
easy to follow, they provide prompt and knowledgeable tech support, and
they work seamlessly with MILLIPLEX® Analyst Software, which we use to analyze our data and is very user-friendly.”
MilliporeSigma’s MILLIPLEX® MAP panels being used for cytokine & chemokine testing.
|
Future Perspectives
The lab plans to continue to map the pathological changes (i.e.
neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, blood-brain barrier dysfunction,
and glymphatic dysfunction) that occur throughout the brain in the weeks
and months following stroke in both wild type mice and transgenic mouse
models of Alzheimer’s disease. To date, most stroke research in rodent
models and human studies has focused on the acute response to stroke.
Dr. Nguyen’s research highlights the fact that the inflammatory response
to stroke does not resolve as effectively in the brain as inflammation
does in other tissues. They also plan to test whether neurotrophic
compounds can mitigate these changes. They also have future plans to
look at components of the prolonged inflammatory response to stroke to
determine whether post-stroke dementia, and mixed dementia, can be
treated by selectively ablating individual immune mediators. Determining
how variable the inflammatory response to stroke is in different
people, and how it is impacted by age-related comorbidities is also
another direction Dr. Nguyen’s field must go.For more information on Dr Nguyen's research read the following article.
- See more at: http://www.selectscience.net/editorial-articles/understanding-the-inflammatory-response-to-stroke-in-the-human-brain-through-mouse-models/?artID=42890&#sthash.2rhNYVNz.dpuf
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