Left-Side Brain Stroke Recovery: Comprehensive Guide to Rehabilitation and Healing

 What a pie in the sky writeup. NOTHING HERE is specific enough to get you recovered, they happen to think these generalizations are good enough! They're NOT and you'll find that out when you become the 1 in 4 per WHO that has a stroke!). I'd suggest you start working on that now!

The rehab dream team they seem to be so proud of knows NOTHING SPECIFIC ON GETTING YOU RECOVERED.

Left-Side Brain Stroke Recovery: Comprehensive Guide to Rehabilitation and Healing

Post-Stroke Technologies-Based Rehabilitation for the Upper Limb Recovery: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews

So they proved nothing in stroke rehab is working. WHOM will do the followup to fix that? 

 Post-Stroke Technologies-Based Rehabilitation for the Upper Limb Recovery: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews

Margherita Rampioni1 PhD; Sara Leonzi1; Luca Antognoli1 PhD; Anna Mura2 PhD; Vera Stara1 PhD

1IRCCS, INRCA Ancona IT

2Radboud University Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour Nijmegen NL

Abstract

Background: 

Stroke is one of the most common cerebral vascular diseases, usually affecting people aged 60 and over, leading to a variety of disabilities requiring motor and cognitive rehabilitation. Post-stroke rehabilitation has a lead role in the recovery of he patients, and it is never too late to start. It should be implemented in a structured approach to help patients regain their physical, cognitive, and functional abilities. Technological solutions offer a beneficial and effective alternative to conventional therapy, making rehabilitation more accessible.

Objective: 

This study maps and synthesizes the evidence from published systematic reviews that assessed the effectiveness of technology-based rehabilitation for the recovery of the upper limb in post-stroke individuals.

Methods: 

Separate literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Embase databases and Google Scholar. The PICOS was used to define inclusion criteria. There was no restriction on publication dates. The PRISMA flowchart was used in the retrieval and selection process. Then, the final articles were appraised for their methodological quality using the AMSTAR 2.

Results: 

After the search process that identified 1450 records from the 4 databases and an additional 342 by Google Scholar, seven systematic reviews were included. The seven studies were published between 2019 and 2023.

Conclusions: 

This review indicated that the field of technology-based rehabilitation is still fragmented due to poor evidence of efficacy. This is probably due to the high heterogeneity of the experimental studies. When developing a technology-based rehabilitation program, it is crucial to carefully plan and link all relevant actors, user-driven design guidelines, and principles of neuroscience.

There is a need for further research to understand better the impact of technology interventions on stroke deficits and recovery-related outcomes, both alone and in combination with traditional rehabilitation. This field of research could benefit from standardized rehabilitation protocols provided to patients,(WHO THE FUCK WILL DO THAT? Fucking failures of stroke associations
 have washed their hands of providing anything useful for stroke recovery!) enabling comparison and interpretation to discover evidence currently missing.

(JMIR Preprints 01/03/2024:57957)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.57957

Use It and Improve It or Lose It: Interactions between Arm Function and Use in Humans Post-stroke

 Even though this is 12 years old, the idiotic idea than learned nonuse exists is still around. 

 I absolutely hate these pontifications on nonuse. Solve the damn problem of dead brain rehab and this nonuse problem goes away. SOLVE THE CORRECT PROBLEM!

Damn it all, it is NOT learned nonuse. It is the actual inability to use it because of dead neurons. If you had dead brain rehab protocols, this fake learned nonuse idea would cease to exist!

Use It and Improve It or Lose It: Interactions between Arm Function and Use in Humans Post-stroke

Yukikazu Hidaka 1 , Cheol E. Han 1,2 , Steven L. Wolf 3 , Carolee J. Winstein 4 , Nicolas Schweighofer 4 * 1 Computer Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, 2 Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 3 Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, 4 Biokinesiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America 

Abstract 

‘‘Use it and improve it, or lose it’’ is one of the axioms of motor therapy after stroke. There is, however, little understanding of the interactions between arm function and use in humans post-stroke. Here, we explored putative non-linear interactions between upper extremity function and use by developing a first-order dynamical model of stroke recovery with longitudinal data from participants receiving constraint induced movement therapy (CIMT) in the EXCITE clinical trial. Using a Bayesian regression framework, we systematically compared this model with competitive models that included, or not, interactions between function and use. Model comparisons showed that the model with the predicted interactions between arm function and use was the best fitting model. Furthermore, by comparing the model parameters before and after CIMT intervention in participants receiving the intervention one year after randomization, we found that therapy increased the parameter that controls the effect of arm function on arm use. Increase in this parameter, which can be thought of as the confidence to use the arm for a given level of function, lead to increase in spontaneous use after therapy compared to before therapy. 

Citation: Hidaka Y, Han CE, Wolf SL, Winstein CJ, Schweighofer N (2012) Use It and Improve It or Lose It: Interactions between Arm Function and Use in Humans Post-stroke. PLoS Comput Biol 8(2): e1002343. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002343 Editor: Jo ¨ rn Diedrichsen, University College London, United Kingdom Received October 4, 2010; Accepted November 21, 2011; Published February 16, 2012 Copyright: ß 2012 Hidaka et al. 

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This work was funded in part by grant NIH RO3 HD050591-02, R01 HD065438, and R01 HD 37606 and by the National Research Foundation of Korea, Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (R32-10142). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

COVID-19 tied to increased risk of major adverse cardiac event for up to 3 years

 I had COVID one time for sure and likely two other times. All three were mild cases. Probably because I've had most of the vaccinations. And I'm O negative.

COVID-19 tied to increased risk of major adverse cardiac event for up to 3 years

An increased risk of incident major adverse cardiac event (MACE), including myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and all-cause mortality, was observed among patients with COVID-19 for up to 3 years, particularly among those requiring hospitalisation, according to a study published in Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology.

In addition,James R. Hilser, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, and colleagues observed that hospitalisation for COVID-19 represented a coronary artery disease risk equivalent, with the risks of post-acute MI and stroke particularly heightened in individuals with non-O blood types. 

Using data from the UK Biobank, the researchers identified 10,005 patients with COVID-19 who had a positive PCR test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) infection (n = 8,062) or had received hospital-based International Classification of Diseases version-10 codes for COVID-19 (n = 1,943) between February 1, 2020, and December 31, 2020. Population controls (n = 217,730) and propensity score-matched controls (n = 38,860) identified from the UK Biobank during the same period were also included in the analysis. 

Overall, the risk of MACE was elevated in patients with COVID-19 at all levels of severity (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.94-2.25; P < .0005) over 1,003 days of follow-up, with the risk being more pronounced among patients requiring hospitalisation (HR = 3.85; 95% CI, 3.51-4.24; P < .0005).

More specifically, the risk of MACE was increased among patients hospitalised with COVID-19 who did not have a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (HR = 1.21; 95% CI, 1.08-1.37; P < .005) compared with COVID-19-negative controls with CVD, indicating hospitalisation for COVID-19 as a coronary artery disease risk equivalent.

Furthermore, a significant genetic interaction was observed between the ABO blood groups and hospitalisation for COVID-19 (P_interaction = .01), whereby hospitalisation for COVID-19 increased the risk of MI and stroke to a greater extent among individuals with non-O blood types (HR = 1.65; 95% CI, 1.29-2.09; P = 4.8x10^-5) than those with blood type O (HR = 0.96; 95% CI, 0.66-1.39; P = .82).

“Taken together, our data indicate that the elevated risk of MACE in patients with COVID-19 shows no apparent signs of attenuation up to nearly 3 years after SARS-CoV-2 infection and suggest that COVID-19 continues to pose a significant public health burden with lingering adverse cardiovascular risk,” the authors remarked. “These observations suggest that more aggressive cardiovascular risk reduction efforts may be warranted as part of primary prevention in patients hospitalised for COVID-19 and provide new avenues for understanding the biological mechanisms underlying CVD-related adverse outcomes of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.”

Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology

GlobeNewswire NKGen Biotech Announces Upcoming Presentation at the 16th World Stroke Congress (WSC 2024)

 What does your competent? doctor think of the research behind this?  Or is your doctor so sure they can get you 100% recovered just from their training in medical school? If so, YOU DON'T HAVE A FUNCTIONING STROKE DOCTOR, DO YOU?

I find no articles on troculeucel in Google Scholar so I have no clue where they have published research on this.

NKGen Biotech Announces Upcoming Presentation at the 16th World Stroke Congress (WSC 2024)

SANTA ANA, Calif., Oct. 15, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- NKGen Biotech Inc. (Nasdaq: NKGN) (“NKGen” or the “Company”), a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on the development and commercialization of innovative autologous and allogeneic natural killer cell therapeutics, today announced acceptance of an oral presentation on the potential of troculeucel in patients with neurodegenerative disease and stroke, at the 16^th World Stroke Congress (“WSC 2024”) to be held in Abu Dhabi, UAE from October 23–26, 2024. Although accepted as an oral presentation, NKGen has opted to showcase troculeucel results in poster format.

E-Poster Details:

Title:	Therapeutic potential of expanded SNK01 (activated autologous natural killer cells) post-stroke to reduce neuroinflammation, inflammation-mediated cell death, and damage
Authors:	Paul Y. Song, Lucia Hui, Blanca Isaura Acosta Gallo, César Alejandro Amescua, Katia Betito, Sean Hong, Clemente Humberto Zúñiga Gil
Poster Number:	1389
Session 1:	Free Communications 09: Health Services & Implementation of Stroke Care
Date/Time/Location:	Friday, October 25, 2024, 8:00 am – 9:30 am GST; Hall F
Session 2:	Onsite and Live Streamed Session – Plenary 03: Plenary, Awards & Late Breaking
Date/Time/Location:	Friday, October 25, 2024, 10:00 am – 11:30 am GST; Hall A/Plenary

A copy of the poster will be added to the Scientific Publications page of the Company’s website at https://nkgenbiotech.com/ once the presentation has concluded.

New Specialized Stroke Unit Launched at Safdarjung Hospital to Transform Patient Care

 And right from the start they have the wrong goal; delivering 'care' rather than RECOVERY!

New Specialized Stroke Unit Launched at Safdarjung Hospital to Transform Patient Care

New Delhi: A new eight-bed stroke unit was inaugurated in the department of neurology at Safdarjung Hospital on Monday. It aims to provide comprehensive care for acute stroke patients. The newly established unit is equipped with multiparameter monitors and is staffed by a specialised team, including neurologists, dedicated stroke nursing officers and rehabilitation personnel.
According to officials, the unit comprises a six-bed high dependency unit and two designated stroke beds in the neurology ICU.

The inauguration ceremony was attended by hospital administrators, medical staff and health officials. "We are immensely proud to introduce this specialised facility to our community and anticipate its transformative impact on stroke treatment and recovery," Dr Vandana Talwar, medical superintendent of VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, said.
Dr BK Bajaj, director professor & head of neurology, presided over the inauguration and emphasised the unit's potential to reduce stroke-related morbidity and mortality. "With focused attention on reducing complications like aspiration and infections, we aim to significantly improve outcomes for our stroke patients," he said. Dr Shishir Chandan, CMO & associate professor of neurology, highlighted the enhancement of existing services, stating, "While we were providing thrombolysis for acute stroke patients, this new facility will undoubtedly elevate our standard of care." 

‘You realise you are not alone’: Hospital encourages stroke survivors to join support group

 Just proof that this hospital IS A COMPLETE FUCKING FAILURE AT GETTING STROKE SURVIVORS 100% RECOVERED! That is the only goal in stroke, there are no valid excuses not to get there.

‘You realise you are not alone’: Hospital encourages stroke survivors to join support group  

A hospital has set up a support group to help people who have experienced a stroke to get advice, share experiences and make new friendships with other stroke survivors.

Guy’s and St Thomas’ Community Stroke Team set up the Lambeth Stroke Peer Support Group in March, with sessions running every other week for 10 weeks. 

Participants get advice on how to prevent further strokes, the importance of family and friends and maintaining links with the community, exercise and diet, managing mood and fatigue, and the importance of fun and joy after a stroke. 

Steve Ridley, 52 from Streatham, had a stroke in July 2022, while working from home. After being taken to hospital, Mr Ridley was found to have extremely high blood pressure and a bleed on the left hand side of the brain. 

He received six months of hospital treatment followed by intensive rehabilitation, and support from the community therapists at Guy’s and St Thomas’ Pulross Centre. 

The stroke has affected his speech, and the right side of his body including arm, hand and leg. Steve now also walks with a stick.

Speaking about the support group, Mr Ridley said: “Before the stroke, I had always been a very talkative person, always the one who would stand up to speak.

“Sometimes I struggle to explain to people why I’m a bit slow in my speech or forget things. But with the group you realise you are not the only one out there. You are not on your own.”

Life after a stroke can bring many challenges including physical problems, financial difficulties and feelings of loneliness and isolation. The Lambeth Stroke Peer Support Group aims to bridge the gap after hospital treatment and rehabilitation support ends. 

Lolly Short, the Stroke Care Advisor at Guy’s and St Thomas’, who runs the group, said: “The group start to feel like they belong by meeting other people who are feeling exactly the same. 

“They feel understood and heard.”

To find out about the Lambeth Stroke Peer Support Group, email: gst-tr.lambethstrokecareadvisor@nhs.net or call 07824 600243.

Pictured top: Agnieszka and Steve Ridley (Picture: Guy’s and St Thomas’)

Comparing the effects of Swiss-ball training and virtual reality training on balance, mobility, and cortical activation in individuals with chronic stroke: study protocol for a multi-center randomized controlled trial

 I personally think the Bosu is by far the best balance training there is, but since I'm not medically trained, you can't listen to stroke-addled me. You won't get any ankle exercises on the Swiss ball unless you are really advanced and can stand on it. I used to kneel on one for practicing balance in a whitewater canoe

Comparing the effects of Swiss-ball training and virtual reality training on balance, mobility, and cortical activation in individuals with chronic stroke: study protocol for a multi-center randomized controlled trial

• Alisha Noreen,
• Jiani Lu,
• Xuan Xu,
• Huihui Jiang,
• Yuanyuan Hua,
• Xiaoyu Shi,
• Xin Tang,
• Zhongfei Bai,
• Qihui Liang,
• Yuan Tian,
• Tao Han,
• Yi Lu,
• Lijuan Ao &
• Lei Yang 

Trials volume 25, Article number: 677 (2024) Cite this article

• Metrics details

Abstract

Background

Balance and mobility deficits are major concerns in stroke rehabilitation. Virtual reality (VR) training and Swiss-ball training are commonly used approaches to improve balance and mobility. However, no study has compared the efficacy of VR training, Swiss-ball training, and their combination in improving balance and mobility function or investigated cortical activation and connectivity in individuals with stroke.

Methods

A prospective, single-blinded, parallel-armed, multi-center randomized controlled trial with factorial design will be conducted. Seventy-six participants aged 30–80 years with stroke will be recruited. Participants will be allocated to one of the four groups: (A) the VR training + Swiss-ball training + conventional physical therapy group; (B) the Swiss-ball training + conventional physical therapy group; (C) the VR training + conventional physical therapy group; or (D) the conventional physical therapy group. All participants will receive 50 min of training per day, 5 times per week, for a total of 4 weeks. The primary outcomes will be balance and mobility measures. Secondary outcomes will include the 10-min walk test, dynamic gait index, and cortical activation. Outcomes will be measured on three occasions: at baseline, after the training, and at the 4-week follow-up.

Discussion

This trial will provide evidence to determine whether there are differences in clinical outcomes and cortical activation following two different types of exercise programs and their combination, and to elucidate the recovery mechanisms of balance and mobility function in individuals with stroke.

Trial registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry reference: www.chictr.org.cn (No. ChiCTR2400082135). Registered on May 24, 2024.

Peer Review reports

Introduction

Background and rationale {6a}

Balance and mobility deficits are always major concerns in stroke rehabilitation [1]. The common balance- and mobility-related problems observed in individuals with stroke are slower gait speed, abnormal posture, poorer walking adaptability (e.g., obstacle avoidance), and greater susceptibility to falls [2]. Impaired balance and mobility function after stroke inevitably lead to restrictions in active participation in daily activities, thereby triggering a vicious cycle of social isolation and compromised quality of life [3].

A range of rehabilitation approaches have been used to improve balance and mobility in individuals with stroke [4]. Among them, virtual reality (VR) and Swiss-ball training are commonly used methods [5, 6]. Mounting evidence has shown that VR training combined with conventional physiotherapy could improve balance and mobility in individuals with stroke, especially in the chronic stage [7,8,9,10,11]. On the other hand, the liable surface of a Swiss ball poses more challenges for dynamic balance, coordination, and trunk control [12, 13]. Compared to regular physiotherapy, core stability exercises on both stable and unstable support surfaces are similarly useful in increasing patients’ trunk control, strength, standing weight-bearing symmetry, and balancing confidence [14]. A systematic review and meta-analysis also showed that Swiss-ball exercise can enhance trunk control and balance function for individuals with stroke in acute and sub-acute stages [15].

Balance is maintained through the complex integration and coordination of multiple body systems, including the vestibular, visual, auditory, and motor systems, whereas little is known about the function and connection of neural structures during balance and mobility rehabilitation [16]. The activation of higher cortical processes in regulating balance and mobility is still poorly understood [17]. A few studies have shown positive correlations between neural plasticity changes and balance function recovery induced by VR training, which are mainly attributed to improved interhemispheric balance [18]. However, whether VR training could increase cortical activation and/or enhance cortical connectivity was not identified in these studies. Furthermore, no study has investigated the cortical activation induced by Swiss-ball training. Considering the compromised quality of life induced by balance and mobility deficits and the threat imposed by falls on individuals with stroke, identifying changes in cortical activity and connectivity during balance and mobility rehabilitation could provide a foundation for deciphering the mechanisms of interventions, thus contributing to the ongoing innovation of rehabilitation approaches [19, 20].

To the best of our knowledge, no study has compared the efficacy of VR training, Swiss-ball training, and their combination in improving balance and mobility function or investigated cortical activation and connectivity in individuals with stroke. Moreover, as proposed by previous studies, VR training and Swiss-ball training improve balance and mobility function may be due to different mechanisms [21,22,23], but whether the combination of these two training approaches could increase the cortical activation and connectivity in individuals with stroke, thus augment the recovery of balance and mobility function is still unknown.

Relationships of post-stroke fatigue with mobility, recovery, performance, and participation-related outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

 

WHAT FUCKING STUPIDITY! We've known of post stroke fatigue a long time. SOLVE THE FUCKING PROBLEM! Instead of this waste of time. And your mentors and senior researchers were so incompetent, they didn't know of all this earlier research?

This did absolutely nothing to help survivors recover. I'd fire the mentors and senior researchers involved!  A lot of dead wood needs to be removed in stroke so we can actually get around to solving stroke to 100% recovery!

At least half of all stroke survivors experience fatigue Known since March 2017

Or is it 70%? Known since March 2015.

Or is it 40%? Known since September 2017.

Relationships of post-stroke fatigue with mobility, recovery, performance, and participation-related outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Jibrin S. UsmanThomson W. L. WongShamay S. M. Ng^*

• Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China

Background: Effective post-stroke mobility, recovery, performance, and participation are key goals for stroke survivors. However, these outcomes may be hindered by post-stroke fatigue (PSF), which can affect numerous aspects of post-stroke mobility, recovery, performance, functioning, community participation, and return to work. This review aimed to assess the scientific evidence on the relationship between PSF and mobility function, functional recovery, functional performance, and participation-related outcomes among stroke survivors.

Method: A comprehensive search of Cochrane Central, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science (WoS) databases was conducted from inception to December 2023. Observational, cross-sectional, and longitudinal studies were included. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the National Institute of Health’s quality assessment tool, while the risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognostic Studies tool. A total of 28 studies (n = 2,495 participants, 1,626 men, mean age ranging from 52.5 ± 9.5 to 71.1 ± 9.9 years) were included. The data analysis was conducted using narrative and quantitative synthesis. Fixed and random effects meta-analyses were conducted to explore the relationships between PSF and relevant outcomes.

Results: Chronic PSF was found to have significant negative correlations with mobility (meta r = −0.106, p < 0.001), balance performance (meta r = −0.172; 95%; p = 0.004), and quality of life (meta r = −0.647; p < 0.001). It also showed significant positive correlations with stroke impairment (meta r = 0.144, p < 0.001) and disability (meta r = 0.480, p < 0.001). Additionally, exertion/acute PSF had significantly negative correlations with walking economy (meta r = −0.627, p < 0.001) and walking endurance (meta r = −0.421, p = 0.022). The certainty of evidence was deemed moderate for these relationships.

Conclusion: Our findings indicate that higher levels of PSF are associated with poorer mobility, balance, and participation, as well as greater disability and stroke impairment. Future studies, especially prospective longitudinal and randomized controlled trials, are warranted to substantiate our findings.

Systematic review registration: PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42023492045.

Introduction

Stroke survivors experience a range of impairments and functional limitations that manifest in various combinations (1). In addition to this, they may experience various post-stroke symptoms, such as fatigue, pain, and spasticity, which often occur concurrently and can significantly influence mobility, motor function, physical function, and activities of daily living (ADLs), adding to the overall burden and hindering recovery (2). Fatigue in stroke survivors can be classified as either chronic or acute (exertion related), with two distinct characteristics (3). Exertion/state fatigue is characterized by its immediate onset and recovery time (3), while chronic fatigue is caused by long periods of accumulation of acute fatigue (4) or the gradual progression of mental fatigue, potentially triggered by daily tasks (4, 5). Post-stroke exertion fatigue is typically experienced after intense physical or mental exertion (5). Additionally, fatigue can be categorized as mental or peripheral (physical), with underlying mechanisms often associated with autonomic diseases (4).

PSF is associated with feelings of mental, physical, and overall exhaustion, with a variation in fatigue levels and activity (6). Its characteristics vary from general fatigue to a certain degree, and it can occur without any specific exertion (7). PSF is a common post-stroke deficit typified by complex multifactorial phenomena (8) and is a frequent, incapacitating health issue due to the complex interactions of numerous factors (9). Fatigue and sleepiness commonly exist together due to lack of sleep and are usually combined under the concept of tiredness by patients. However, they are two separate but interrelated terms (10). The two terms fatigue and sleepy are different, with the suggestion that clinicians and researchers should be cautious when using these terms interchangeably (11). Fatigue is an overwhelming feeling of tiredness, lacking energy, and a sense of exhaustion related to diminished physical and/or cognitive performance, whereas sleepiness is a pervasive phenomenon felt not just as a symptom in various disorders but as a normal state of physiology in most persons during any given 24-h duration (10). Additionally, disorder is inferred both when sleepiness becomes pervasively present or when it is absent, and abnormality is considered when it does not happen when needed or happens at unsuitable periods (10).

Post-stroke fatigue (PSF) is prevalent in stroke survivors (12–15) and affects their daily functioning, and quality of life is a commonly disregarded problem (3). It affects participation, emotions, cognitive performance, and ADLs and can diminish the ability to carry out the expected ADLs (6). PSF, which can have numerous adverse consequences (16), is significantly associated with functional impairments, disability, and diminished quality of life among stroke survivors in several areas (1, 14). It has also been shown to have a negative influence on the survivors’ cardiopulmonary function (13), and fatigue hinders their community integration (12). Thus, fatigue is a major symptom that affects numerous physical functions, such as ADLs and mobility, in stroke survivors.

The effects of fatigue can be lifelong (17, 18) and may impact post-stroke functional recovery and outcomes (2, 18). Moreover, PSF is associated with dual-task performance (19), both cognitive and motor performances (8), lower extremity mobility (20), and lower limb motor tasks, including balance and gait, with more challenges to navigating in complex settings likely to be observed in those with higher fatigue (8). Other studies have found that fatigue is weakly related to post-stroke gait performance (19), inextricably related to affective disorders (21), and also related to poor functional outcomes in young stroke survivors (18).

The summary above shows that most of the studies reporting the relationships or associations between PSF and variables of interest have not expounded the strength, direction, or extent of the relationships. This precludes the drawing of definite conclusions regarding the relationships. Therefore, there is a need to synthesize the scientific evidence of how and to what extent PSF influences the mobility, recovery, performance, and participation of stroke survivors. Such evidence will guide stroke rehabilitation professionals in formulating better rehabilitation strategies by targeting PSF, mobility, recovery, functioning, and participation. Despite the known importance of these outcomes in stroke survivors, to the best of our knowledge, this will be the first systematic review and meta-analysis that determine the scientific evidence on how and to what extent PSF influences these outcomes in stroke survivors.

More at link.

Quantifying the association between stroke and dementia: a bibliometric study

 WHAT FUCKING STUPIDITY! We've known of the stroke dementia link a long time. SOLVE THE FUCKING PROBLEM! Instead of this waste of time. And your mentors and senior researchers were so incompetent, they didn't know of all this earlier research?

 With your chances of getting dementia post stroke, you need prevention solutions. YOUR DOCTOR IS RESPONSIBLE FOR PREVENTING THIS!

1. A documented 33% dementia chance post-stroke from an Australian study?   May 2012.

2. Then this study came out and seems to have a range from 17-66%. December 2013.`    

3. A 20% chance in this research.   July 2013.

4. Dementia Risk Doubled in Patients Following Stroke September 2018 

 

The latest useless shit here: 

Quantifying the association between stroke and dementia: a bibliometric study

Xinyi Bian¹Zibin Zhao²Xiaoping Gao^1*

• ¹Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
• ²The First School of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China

Background: Stroke and dementia are two serious neurological disorders in modern medicine. Studies have revealed a significant link between the two, but there is still a lack of bibliometric analysis in this area. The objective of this study is to use bibliometric analysis to investigate the connection between stroke and dementia, as well as to assess the current state of research in this field and identify future trends.

Methods: The publications from the Web of Science were Collection and retrieved for the last 22 years (2002–2023). CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and the R package Bibliometrix were used to conduct bibliometric analysis. GraphPad Prism was used to plot.

Results: A total of 1,309 publications were included in the analysis. The number of articles on dementia and stroke has continued to grow steadily over the past 22 years. While China is the country with the most articles, the most influential and widely researched countries are England and the United States. The keyword analysis illustrates that the prevention of dementia through stroke prevention is a major focus and trend in this research area.

Conclusion: This study provides a visual analysis method for measuring the association between stroke and dementia, and examines the current state of research in this area and future research trends. In the future, dementia caused by stroke needs to be emphasized, and prevention of dementia through stroke prevention is a research priority.

1 Introduction

Stroke refers to a disease in which there is an acute disruption of blood flow to the brain, leading to insufficient or interrupted blood supply and subsequent damage to brain tissue. Approximately 70% of strokes are caused by blockage of the major cerebral arteries, with occlusion of large arteries often resulting from thrombosis or atrial fibrillation and occlusion of a small artery due to small vessel disease. Stroke is currently the second most common cause of death globally and stands as the primary origin of long-term disability (1–4). Due to the increasing prevalence of risk factors such as hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia, smoking, and drug abuse, the incidence of stroke among young people has been increasing rapidly (5, 6). The trend of strokes affecting younger individuals is becoming increasingly concerning. The main symptoms of a stroke include the sudden onset of weakness or numbness in the face, arms, or legs, difficulty in speaking or understanding, loss or blurring of vision, and severe headache.

Dementia is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affects memory, cognitive function, and behavior. It is characterized by symptoms such as memory loss, language difficulties, decreased spatial orientation, and impaired judgment and abstract thinking. Dementia can be caused by various factors, including Alzheimer's disease, cognitive impairment, and other underlying condition (7, 8). Unfortunately, there is currently no cure for dementia, but medications and non-medication treatments are available that can help manage symptoms and improve the quality of life for patients. The impact of dementia is profound, not only for the individuals affected but also for their families and society at large (9, 10).

According to the Global Burden of Disease report, in 2019, neurological disorders continued to be the predominant cause of Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), constituting 10.8% of the total burden of DALYs attributable to all causes. Stroke was responsible for 69.8% of deaths due to neurological disorders and accounted for 52.3% of the neurological DALYs (11). Of these, stroke and dementia dominate the list of neurological diseases (1). Due to the same risk factors for stroke and dementia, there is a high prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia symptoms after a stroke (12–16). According to studies, about 30–50% of stroke patients will develop cognitive impairment and dementia symptoms after a stroke (17, 18). People who develop dementia immediately after stroke have early-onset dementia (13, 19), but those who do not initially have dementia are also at risk for delayed-onset dementia in the long term, with an approximately 1-to-8-fold increased dementia risk ranging from 3 to 16 years after stroke (20–24). A study of stroke prevention showed that population-wide prevention strategies aim to reduce the incidence of stroke by reducing the average level of exposure to disease-causing risk factors. If implemented effectively, these strategies can prevent up to 50–90% of all strokes within 5 years. It is estimated that approximately 40% of dementia cases could be prevented by targeting modifiable, primarily cardiovascular risk factors (24, 25). Since stroke and dementia often occur together and are at risk for each other, preventing stroke can also prevent certain dementias (26–28).

There is a lack of objective and comprehensive reporting through studies of publication trends, keyword hotspots, and common collaborative networks. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between stroke and dementia from 2002 to 2022 using a bibliometric analysis system. Bibliometric analysis is a powerful approach that combines mathematical and statistical methods with data visualization to analyze various aspects of scholarly publications. This analysis can provide insights into annual publication trends, countries or regions involved, institutions, journals, authors, and co-citations (29).

More at link.