Your therapist should be applying this knowledge to the correction of your muscle problems to get to
100% recovery. Since when is 10% full recovery acceptable? A failure in any bell curve.
http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncom.2014.00024/full?
- 1Laboratory of Neuromotor Physiology, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- 2Center of Space Biomedicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata,” Rome, Italy
- 3Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata,” Rome, Italy
Muscle activities underlying many motor behaviors can be generated by
a small number of basic activation patterns with specific features
shared across movement conditions. Such low-dimensionality suggests that
the central nervous system (CNS) relies on a modular organization to
simplify control. However, the relationship between the dimensionality
of muscle patterns and that of joint torques is not fixed, because of
redundancy and non-linearity in mapping the former into the latter, and
needs to be investigated. We compared the torques acting at four arm
joints during fast reaching movements in different directions in the
frontal and sagittal planes and the underlying muscle patterns. The
dimensionality of the non-gravitational components of torques and muscle
patterns in the spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal domains was
estimated by multidimensional decomposition techniques. The spatial
organization of torques was captured by two or three generators,
indicating that not all the available coordination patterns are employed
by the CNS. A single temporal generator with a biphasic profile was
identified, generalizing previous observations on a single plane. The
number of spatiotemporal generators was equal to the product of the
spatial and temporal dimensionalities and their organization was
essentially synchronous. Muscle pattern dimensionalities were higher
than torques dimensionalities but also higher than the minimum imposed
by the inherent non-negativity of muscle activations. The spatiotemporal
dimensionality of the muscle patterns was lower than the product of
their spatial and temporal dimensionality, indicating the existence of
specific asynchronous coordination patterns. Thus, the larger
dimensionalities of the muscle patterns may be required for CNS to
overcome the non-linearities of the musculoskeletal system and to
flexibly generate endpoint trajectories with simple kinematic features
using a limited number of building blocks.
- See more at: http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncom.2014.00024/full?#sthash.lIxwPcsP.dpuf
- 1Laboratory of
Neuromotor Physiology, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- 2Center of Space
Biomedicine, University of Rome “Tor
Vergata,” Rome, Italy
- 3Department of
Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor
Vergata,” Rome, Italy
Muscle activities underlying many motor behaviors can be generated by a
small number of basic activation patterns with specific features shared across
movement conditions. Such low-dimensionality suggests that the central nervous
system (CNS) relies on a modular organization to simplify control. However, the
relationship between the dimensionality of muscle patterns and that of joint
torques is not fixed, because of redundancy and non-linearity in mapping the
former into the latter, and needs to be investigated. We compared the torques
acting at four arm joints during fast reaching movements in different
directions in the frontal and sagittal planes and the underlying muscle
patterns. The dimensionality of the non-gravitational components of torques and
muscle patterns in the spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal domains was
estimated by multidimensional decomposition techniques. The spatial
organization of torques was captured by two or three generators, indicating that
not all the available coordination patterns are employed by the CNS. A single
temporal generator with a biphasic profile was identified, generalizing
previous observations on a single plane. The number of spatiotemporal
generators was equal to the product of the spatial and temporal
dimensionalities and their organization was essentially synchronous. Muscle
pattern dimensionalities were higher than torques dimensionalities but also
higher than the minimum imposed by the inherent non-negativity of muscle
activations. The spatiotemporal dimensionality of the muscle patterns was lower
than the product of their spatial and temporal dimensionality, indicating the
existence of specific asynchronous coordination patterns. Thus, the larger
dimensionalities of the muscle patterns may be required for CNS to overcome the
non-linearities of the musculoskeletal system and to flexibly generate endpoint
trajectories with simple kinematic features using a limited number of building
blocks.
Mattia D'Andola1, 
Andrea d'Avella1*
Mattia D'Andola1,
Andrea d'Avella1*
