Exposure to negative socio-emotional events induces sustained alteration of resting-state brain networks in older adults

 You don't want this to worsen your brain more than it already is.

Exposure to negative socio-emotional events induces sustained alteration of resting-state brain networks in older adults

• Sebastian Baez-Lugo,
• Yacila I. Deza-Araujo,
• Christel Maradan,
• Fabienne Collette,
• Antoine Lutz,
• Natalie L. Marchant,
• Gaël Chételat,
• Patrik Vuilleumier,
• Olga Klimecki &
• Medit-Ageing Research Group

Nature Aging volume 3, pages105–120 (2023) Cite this article

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Abstract

Basic emotional functions seem well preserved in older adults. However, their reactivity to and recovery from socially negative events remain poorly characterized. To address this, we designed a ‘task–rest’ paradigm in which 182 participants from two independent experiments underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while exposed to socio-emotional videos. Experiment 1 (N = 55) validated the task in young and older participants and unveiled age-dependent effects on brain activity and connectivity that predominated in resting periods after (rather than during) negative social scenes. Crucially, emotional elicitation potentiated subsequent resting-state connectivity between default mode network and amygdala exclusively in older adults. Experiment 2 replicated these results in a large older adult cohort (N = 127) and additionally showed that emotion-driven changes in posterior default mode network–amygdala connectivity were associated with anxiety, rumination and negative thoughts. These findings uncover the neural dynamics of empathy-related functions in older adults and help understand its relationship to poor social stress recovery.

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Brain connectivity and neurological disorders after stroke

Sounds like pie in the sky thinking with no possible usefulness in stroke rehab. But I could be wrong.
http://journals.lww.com/co-neurology/Abstract/publishahead/Brain_connectivity_and_neurological_disorders.99279.aspx

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Current Opinion in Neurology:

Post Author Corrections: October 5, 2016

doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000396

REVIEW: PDF Only

Brain connectivity and neurological disorders after stroke.

Baldassarre, Antonello; Ramsey, Lenny E.; Siegel, Joshua S.; Shulman, Gordon L.; Corbetta, Maurizio

Published Ahead-of-Print

Abstract

Purpose of review: An important challenge in neurology is identifying the neural mechanisms underlying behavioral deficits after brain injury. Here, we review recent advances in understanding the effects of focal brain lesions on brain networks and behavior.

Recent findings: Neuroimaging studies indicate that the human brain is organized in large-scale resting state networks (RSNs) defined via functional connectivity, that is the temporal correlation of spontaneous activity between different areas. Prior studies showed that focal brain lesion induced behaviorally relevant changes of functional connectivity beyond the site of damage. Recent work indicates that across domains, functional connectivity changes largely conform to two patterns: a reduction in interhemispheric functional connectivity and an increase in intrahemispheric functional connectivity between networks that are normally anticorrelated, for example dorsal attention and default networks. Abnormal functional connectivity can exhibit a high degree of behavioral specificity such that deficits in a given behavioral domain are selectively related to functional connectivity of the corresponding RSN, but some functional connectivity changes allow prediction across domains. Finally, as behavioral recovery proceeds, the prestroke pattern of functional connectivity is restored.

Summary: Investigating changes in RSNs may shed light on the neural mechanisms underlying brain dysfunction after stroke. Therefore, resting state functional connectivity may represent an important tool for clinical diagnosis, tracking recovery and rehabilitation.