Movement therapy induced neural reorganization and motor recovery in stroke: A review

Notice that absolutely nothing here will help survivors recover. No mention of where to find these protocols. 

Movement therapy induced neural reorganization and motor recovery in stroke: A review

 Kamal Narayan Arya, MOT, PhD Scholar (Neurology), Sr. OccupationalTherapist
a,b,
*,ShantaPandian,MOT(Neurology),SuperintendentOT(OPD)
b
,Rajesh Verma, DM (Neurology), DNB (Neurology), Professor
a
,R.K. Garg, DM (Neurology), Professor & HOD
a
a
Department of Neurology, CSM Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, UP 226003, India
b
Pt. Deendayal Upadhyaya Institute for the Physically Handicapped, University of Delhi,Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India, New Delhi 110002, India
Received 7 October 2010; received in revised form 22 January 2011; accepted 29 January 2011
KEYWORDS
Stroke;Neurorehabilitation;Cortical reorganization;Neuroplasticity
Summary
 This paper is a review conducted to provide an overview of accumulated evidence on contemporary rehabilitation methods for stroke survivors. Loss of functional movement isa common consequence of stroke for which a wide range of interventions has been developed.Traditional therapeutic approaches have shown limited results for motor deficits as well as lack evidence for their effectiveness. Stroke rehabilitation is now based on the evidence of neuro-plasticity, which is responsible for recovery following stroke. The neuroplastic changes in the structure and function of relevant brain areas are induced primarily by specific rehabilitation methods. The therapeutic method which induces neuroplastic changes, leads to greater motor and functional recovery than traditional methods. Further, the recovery is permanent in nature. During the last decade various novel stroke rehabilitative methods for motor recovery have been developed. This review focuses on the methods that have evidence of associated cortical level reorganization, namely task-specific training, constraint-induced movement therapy,robotic training, mental imaging,and virtual training. All of these methods utilize principles of motor learning. The findings from this review demonstrated convincing evidence both at the neural and functional level in response to such therapies. The main aim of the review was to determine the evidence for these methods and their application into clinical practice.
ª
2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
* Corresponding author. Department of Neurology, CSM Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, UP 226003, India.
E-mail address:
 kamalnarya@yahoo.com (K.N. Arya).
available at www.sciencedirect.comjournal homepage: www.elsevier.com/jbmt
Journal of Bodywork & Movement Therapies (2011)

 

Nutrition, Energy Expenditure, Dysphagia, and Self-Efficacy in Stroke Rehabilitation: A Review of the Literature

We don't want analysis of literature we want protocols. WHEN THE FUCK ARE YOU GOING TO PROVIDE THEM?

Nutrition, Energy Expenditure, Dysphagia, and Self-Efficacy in Stroke Rehabilitation: A Review of the Literature

Adam C. Lieber 1, Estee Hong 2, David Putrino 2 , Dominic A. Nistal 1 , Jonathan S. Pan 1 and Christopher P. Kellner 1,* 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; adam.lieber@icahn.mssm.edu (A.C.L.); dominic.nistal@icahn.mssm.edu (D.A.N.); jonathan.pan@icahn.mssm.edu (J.S.P.) 2 Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; eh469@cornell.edu (E.H.); dputrino83@gmail.com (D.P.) * Correspondence: christopher.kellner@gmail.com; Tel.:+1-212-241-2377or+1-617-365-2981; Fax:212-241-7388
Received: 30 October 2018; Accepted: 5 December 2018; Published: 7 December 2018

Abstract: While significant research has been performed regarding the use of thrombolytic agents and thrombectomy in the setting of acute stroke, other factors, such as nutritional status of stroke patients, is a less explored topic. The topic of nutrition is critical to the discussion of stroke, as up to half of stroke survivors may be considered malnourished at discharge. Dysphagia, old age, restricted upper limb movement, visuospatial impairment, and depression are all important risk factors for malnutrition in this cohort. The purpose of this review is to analyze current literature discussing neuroprotective diets, nutritional, vitamin, and mineralsupplementation, dysphagia, and post-stroke coaching in stroke patients.

Focusing on Different Therapeutic Approaches in People with Stroke Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review of Literature

Your conclusion is not supported. With only 10% of patients getting to full recovery, that is complete failure.  Damn your tyranny of low expectations. These goddamn reviews are a complete waste of time that our fucking failures of stroke associations could easily prevent by creating a database of stroke research and protocols. Can't anyone in the stroke medical world rub two neurons together and actually think about solving stroke? 

Focusing on Different Therapeutic Approaches in People with Stroke Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review of Literature

Saurabh kumar, Anand Kumar Singh, Sapna Dhiman

Abstract

Background: Stroke is one of the main sources of death and incapacity in both the developing and developed countries of the world. Stroke recovery is a sorted-out undertaking to help patients to boost all open doors for coming back to a dynamic way of life. There are several physiotherapy approaches for the stroke rehabilitation. Some physiotherapist’s treatment based on a single approach, whereas some used a mixture of components from several different approaches.  

Aim: This paper is a report of an audit led to give a proof in the literature, on the effect of different therapeutic approaches in the management of stroke survivors.  

Data Sources: A range of databases was searched to identify papers addressing physiotherapeutic    approaches in stroke rehabilitation, including scholar, ICMR data base, Cochrane Library of systematic reviews and various online Journals of Stroke and Physiotherapy. The selected papers were surveyed and based on their findings a review was made.  

Results: By reviewing the literature it is found that there are different physiotherapy approaches used in stroke rehabilitation which are effective or beneficiary for functional outcome and overall health related quality of life in stroke survivors.  

Conclusion: This study concluded that different physiotherapy approaches are effective in stroke rehabilitation. But still the physiotherapists need to embrace the responsibility of using evidence-based or scientifically acceptable methods of intervention and objective measurements of outcome.

Keywords: Stroke, disability, rehabilitation, physiotherapy, quality of life

Cite this Article

Saurabh Kumar, Anand Kumar Singh, Sapna Dhiman. Focusing on Different Therapeutic Approaches in People with Stroke Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review of Literature. Research and Reviews: Journal of Neuroscience. 2018; 8(1):
21–27p.

Full Text:

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Preventive Antibiotics for Poststroke Infection in Patients With Acute Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

This in Jan. 2018 is the exact same research into preventative antibiotics. Will your doctor take note of either one? With any strategy at all researchers wouldn't waste time and money doing the same research because they would know about all other ongoing and completed stroke research from that publicly available stroke research and protocol database.

Antibiotic therapy for preventing infections in people with acute stroke

 The latest here:

Preventive Antibiotics for Poststroke Infection in Patients With Acute Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Han, Xiaonian MA^*; Huang, Jing MA^*; Jia, Xiaotao MA^†; Peng, Lirong MA^‡; Yan, Kangkang MA^§; Zan, Xin MA^‡; Ma, Li MA^*

The Neurologist: March 2018 - Volume 23 - Issue 2 - p 35–42

doi: 10.1097/NRL.0000000000000152

Review Article

• Abstract
• In Brief
• Author Information

Aims: To determine if preventive antibiotics is effective in poststroke infection in patients with acute stroke in comparison with no prophylaxis.

Materials and Methods: MEDLINE (1950 to January 2017), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2017) and EMBASE (1974 to January 2017) databases were used to search for randomized controlled trials with intervening measures related to the preventive antibiotics in patients with acute stroke. Besides, the reference lists of the retrieved publications were manually searched to explore other relevant studies.

Results: We included 6 randomized controlled trials involving 4110 stroke patients. The study population, study design, intervening measures, and definition of infection were different. Preventive antibiotics significantly reduced the incidence of algorithm-defined infection in patients with acute stroke from 11.14% (220/1975) to 7.43% (149/2006); odds ratio (OR)=0.41; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.20-0.87; P=0.02. There was no difference in mortality between 2 groups, the mortality in preventive antibiotics group was 17.03% (347/2037) and control group was 16.10% (328/2037); OR=1.07; 95% CI, 0.90-1.27; P=0.44. And preventive antibiotics did not improve the proportion of good outcome, the proportion of good outcome in preventive antibiotics group was 45.47% (909/1999) and control group was 45.76% (913/1995); OR=0.89; 95% CI, 0.62-1.28; P=0.53. None of the studies reported severe adverse relevant to the study antibiotics.

Conclusions: Preventive antibiotics significantly reduced the incidence of algorithm-defined infection in patients with acute stroke, but did not decrease the mortality or improve the proportion of good outcome. Future research should aim to identify the group of stroke patients who will benefit most from antibiotic prophylaxis.

Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Soft robotic devices for hand rehabilitation and assistance: a narrative review

Reviews like this should be totally unnecessary because all the stroke protocols are in a publicly available database. That way patients can use them to train their doctor in how they are going to recover.
https://jneuroengrehab.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12984-018-0350-6

• Chia-Ye Chu and
• Rita M. PattersonEmail authorView ORCID ID profile

Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation201815:9

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-018-0350-6

©  The Author(s). 2018

Received: 5 July 2017

Accepted: 5 February 2018

Published: 17 February 2018

Abstract

Introduction

The debilitating effects on hand function from a number of a neurologic disorders has given rise to the development of rehabilitative robotic devices aimed at restoring hand function in these patients. To combat the shortcomings of previous traditional robotics, soft robotics are rapidly emerging as an alternative due to their inherent safety, less complex designs, and increased potential for portability and efficacy. While several groups have begun designing devices, there are few devices that have progressed enough to provide clinical evidence of their design’s therapeutic abilities. Therefore, a global review of devices that have been previously attempted could facilitate the development of new and improved devices in the next step towards obtaining clinical proof of the rehabilitative effects of soft robotics in hand dysfunction.

Methods

A literature search was performed in SportDiscus, Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles related to the design of soft robotic devices for hand rehabilitation. A framework of the key design elements of the devices was developed to ease the comparison of the various approaches to building them. This framework includes an analysis of the trends in portability, safety features, user intent detection methods, actuation systems, total DOF, number of independent actuators, device weight, evaluation metrics, and modes of rehabilitation.

Results

In this study, a total of 62 articles representing 44 unique devices were identified and summarized according to the framework we developed to compare different design aspects. By far, the most common type of device was that which used a pneumatic actuator to guide finger flexion/extension. However, the remainder of our framework elements yielded more heterogeneous results. Consequently, those results are summarized and the advantages and disadvantages of many design choices as well as their rationales were highlighted.

Conclusion

The past 3 years has seen a rapid increase in the development of soft robotic devices for hand rehabilitative applications. These mostly preclinical research prototypes display a wide range of technical solutions which have been highlighted in the framework developed in this analysis. More work needs to be done in actuator design, safety, and implementation in order for these devices to progress to clinical trials. It is our goal that this review will guide future developers through the various design considerations in order to develop better devices for patients with hand impairments.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for improving aphasia in patients with aphasia after stroke

Once again proving that we have researchers wasting time reviewing literature to find what needs to be done in stroke rather than just looking up the protocols in a publicly available database. Is everyone in stroke fucking stupid? 
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD009760.pub3/full

Authors

• 
  

  Corresponding author
  

  1. Technical University Dresden, Department of Public Health, Dresden Medical School, Dresden, Sachsen, Germany

  • Bernhard Elsner, Department of Public Health, Dresden Medical School, Technical University Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, Dresden, Sachsen, 01307, Germany. bernhard.elsner@posteo.de.

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• 
  

  1. Technical University Dresden, Department of Public Health, Dresden Medical School, Dresden, Sachsen, Germany

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• 
  

  1. Klinik Bavaria Kreischa, Abteilung Neurologie und Fachübergreifende Rehabilitation, Kreischa, Germany

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• 
  

  1. Technical University Dresden, Department of Public Health, Dresden Medical School, Dresden, Sachsen, Germany
  2. Private Europäische Medizinische Akademie der Klinik Bavaria in Kreischa GmbH, Wissenschaftliches Institut, Kreischa, Germany

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• First published: 1 May 2015
• Editorial Group: Cochrane Stroke Group
• DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD009760.pub3  View/save citation
• Cited by (CrossRef): 17 articles Check for updates

• English
• German

Abstract

Background

Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide and aphasia among survivors is common. Current speech and language therapy (SLT) strategies have only limited effectiveness in improving aphasia. A possible adjunct to SLT for improving SLT outcomes might be non-invasive brain stimulation by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to modulate cortical excitability and hence to improve aphasia.

Objectives

To assess the effects of tDCS for improving aphasia in people who have had a stroke.

Search methods

We searched the Cochrane Stroke Group Trials Register (November 2014), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library, November 2014), MEDLINE (1948 to November 2014), EMBASE (1980 to November 2014), CINAHL (1982 to November 2014), AMED (1985 to November 2014), Science Citation Index (1899 to November 2014) and seven additional databases. We also searched trials registers and reference lists, handsearched conference proceedings and contacted authors and equipment manufacturers.

Selection criteria

We included only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and randomised controlled cross-over trials (from which we only analysed the first period as a parallel group design) comparing tDCS versus control in adults with aphasia due to stroke.

Data collection and analysis

Two review authors independently assessed trial quality and risk of bias, and extracted data. If necessary, we contacted study authors for additional information. We collected information on dropouts and adverse events from the trials.

Main results

We included 12 trials involving 136 participants for qualitative assessment. None of the included studies used any formal outcome measure for our primary outcome measure of functional communication - that is, measuring aphasia in a real-life communicative setting. We did a meta-analysis of six trials with 66 participants of correct picture naming as our secondary outcome measure, which demonstrated that tDCS may not enhance SLT outcomes (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.37, 95% CI -0.18 to 0.92; P = 0.19; I² = 0%; inverse variance method with random-effects model; with a higher SMD reflecting benefit from tDCS). We found no studies examining the effect of tDCS on cognition in stroke patients with aphasia. We did not find reported adverse events and the proportion of dropouts was comparable between groups.

Authors' conclusions

Currently there is no evidence of the effectiveness of tDCS (anodal tDCS, cathodal tDCS and bihemispheric tDCS) versus control (sham tDCS) for improving functional communication, language impairment and cognition in people with aphasia after stroke. Further RCTs are needed in this area to determine the effectiveness of this intervention. Authors of future research should adhere to the CONSORT Statement.