Cognitive ability and driving after stroke

I bet testing was done coming in with no practice. A sure way to fail all stroke patients.  I barely passed my road test, now I drive anywhere, anyplace, anytime.

Cognitive ability and driving after stroke

F. M. Nouri, D. J. Tinson & N. B. Lincoln

Pages 110-115 | Accepted 01 Aug 1987, Published online: 28 Jul 2009

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• http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03790798709166334

 

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Abstract

This study investigated the relationship between cognitive ability and driving after stroke. Thirty-nine pre-stroke drivers were assessed using a battery of cognitive tests followed by a road test over a set route. Subjects were graded into Pass, Borderline or Fail categories on the basis of the road test. Cognitive test results were compared across grades of driving performance and significant differences were found on nine of the 23 measures. A discriminant function analysis identified 10 tests which together predicted the grading of 94% of subjects into Pass or Fail categories.

Relearn Faster and Retain Longer Along With Practice, Sleep Makes Perfect

I bet your doctor won't take this to heart and change your stroke protocols to have sleep sessions in between therapy sessions. I bet your doctor doesn't even know about this research and will never know about this research.
http://pss.sagepub.com/content/27/10/1321.abstract

1. Stéphanie Mazza1⇑
2. Emilie Gerbier2
3. Marie-Paule Gustin3,4
4. Zumrut Kasikci1
5. Olivier Koenig1
6. Thomas C. Toppino5
7. Michel Magnin6

1. ¹Laboratoire d’Étude des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Équipe d’Accueil 3082, Université Lyon 2, Université de Lyon
2. ²Bases, Corpus, Langage Lab, Department of Psychology, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7320, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis
3. ³Department of Public Health, Institut des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Équipe d’Accueil 4173, Université de Lyon
4. ⁴Emerging Pathogens Laboratory – Fondation Mérieux, International Center for Infectious Diseases Research (CIRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U111, UMR 5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
5. ⁵Department of Psychology, Villanova University
6. ⁶Central Integration of Pain (NeuroPain) Lab—Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, UMR 5292, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1

1. Stephanie Mazza, Laboratoire d’Étude des Mécanismes Cognitifs, EA 3082, Université Lyon 2, Lyon, France E-mail: stephanie.mazza@univ-lyon2.fr

1. Author Contributions S. Mazza, E. Gerbier, and O. Koenig designed the experiments. S. Mazza and Z. Kasikci performed all experiments. S. Mazza, E. Gerbier, M.-P. Gustin, and M. Magnin performed the analyses. S. Mazza, E. Gerbier, T. C. Toppino, and M. Magnin wrote the manuscript after discussion among all the authors. S. Mazza and M. Magnin supervised and coordinated the project.

Abstract

Both repeated practice and sleep improve long-term retention of information. The assumed common mechanism underlying these effects is memory reactivation, either on-line and effortful or off-line and effortless. In the study reported here, we investigated whether sleep-dependent memory consolidation could help to save practice time during relearning. During two sessions occurring 12 hr apart, 40 participants practiced foreign vocabulary until they reached a perfect level of performance. Half of them learned in the morning and relearned in the evening of a single day. The other half learned in the evening of one day, slept, and then relearned in the morning of the next day. Their retention was assessed 1 week later and 6 months later. We found that interleaving sleep between learning sessions not only reduced the amount of practice needed by half but also ensured much better long-term retention. Sleeping after learning is definitely a good strategy, but sleeping between two learning sessions is a better strategy.

Practice makes perfect — or does it?

You really will need to screw with your therapists mind and deliberately fail in your exercises because that will allow you to learn faster. Practice falling, that will do the job. You will need to ask your doctor if this error memory part of your brain was damaged in your stroke. They will sputter and deflect and not answer the question.
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/345/6202/1306.8.short

1. Peter Stern

How do we learn from past errors? Herzfeld et al. found that when we practice a movement, the human brain has a memory for errors that is then used to learn faster in new conditions. This memory for error exists in parallel with motor memory's two traditional forms: memory of actions and memory of external perturbations. They also proposed a mathematical model for learning from errors. This model explained previous experimental results and predicted other major findings that they later verified experimentally.

Science, this issue p. 1349

Rehabilitation Goal Setting: Theory, Practice and Evidence

Your doctor better be reading this book right now and comparing what s/he is doing for their stroke patients to this.  It's only $121.40, One of your visits pays for it.
http://books.google.com/books?id=HaThAwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false