Changing stroke rehab and research worldwide now.Time is Brain! trillions and trillions of neurons that DIE each day because there are NO effective hyperacute therapies besides tPA(only 12% effective). I have 523 posts on hyperacute therapy, enough for researchers to spend decades proving them out. These are my personal ideas and blog on stroke rehabilitation and stroke research. Do not attempt any of these without checking with your medical provider. Unless you join me in agitating, when you need these therapies they won't be there.

What this blog is for:

My blog is not to help survivors recover, it is to have the 10 million yearly stroke survivors light fires underneath their doctors, stroke hospitals and stroke researchers to get stroke solved. 100% recovery. The stroke medical world is completely failing at that goal, they don't even have it as a goal. Shortly after getting out of the hospital and getting NO information on the process or protocols of stroke rehabilitation and recovery I started searching on the internet and found that no other survivor received useful information. This is an attempt to cover all stroke rehabilitation information that should be readily available to survivors so they can talk with informed knowledge to their medical staff. It lays out what needs to be done to get stroke survivors closer to 100% recovery. It's quite disgusting that this information is not available from every stroke association and doctors group.

Tuesday, September 12, 2017

Stretch-reflex threshold modulation during active elbow movements in post-stroke survivors with spasticity

I see nothing here that suggests that objective measurements were taken of angles and force applied, so nothing here is repeatable. A reference to the measurement protocol is needed. 

Stretch-reflex threshold modulation during active elbow movements in post-stroke survivors with spasticity

Nicolas A. Turpin
,
Anatol G. Feldman
,
Mindy F. Levin'Correspondence information about the author Mindy F. Levin
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2017.07.411




Highlights

  • •Tonic stretch-reflex thresholds in post-stroke spasticity occurred within the joint range at rest.
  • •Threshold modulation during active movements was related to clinical spasticity and motor impairment.
  • •Characteristics of threshold modulation provide information about post-stroke sensorimotor deficits.

Abstract





Objectives

Voluntary movements post-stroke are affected by abnormal muscle activation due to exaggerated stretch reflexes (SRs). We examined the ability of post-stroke subjects to regulate SRs in spastic muscles.




Methods

Elbow flexor and extensor EMGs and joint angle were recorded in 13 subjects with chronic post-stroke spasticity. Muscles were either stretched passively (relaxed arm) or actively (antagonist contraction) at different velocities. Velocity-dependent SR thresholds were defined as angles where stretched muscle EMG exceeded 3SDs of baseline. Sensitivity of SRs to stretch velocity was defined as µ. The regression through thresholds was interpolated to zero velocity to obtain the tonic SR threshold (TSRT) angle.




Results

Compared to passive stretches, TSRTs during active motion occurred at longer muscle lengths (i.e., increased in flexors and decreased in extensors by 10–40°). Values of μ increased by 1.5–4.0. Changes in flexor TSRTs during active compared to passive stretches were correlated with clinical spasticity (r = −0.68) and arm motor impairment (r = 0.81).




Conclusions

Spasticity thresholds measured at rest were modulated during active movement. Arm motor impairments were related to the ability to modulate SR thresholds between the two states rather than to passive-state values.




Significance

Relationship between spasticity and movement disorders may be explained by deficits in SR threshold range of regulation and modifiability, representing a measure of stroke-related sensorimotor deficits.
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