And if you had protocols you would have exact instructions for both the therapist and the survivor. Create protocols you blithering idiots, solve the problem properly.
Implementation of Dynamic Lycra® Orthoses for ArmRehabilitation in the Context of a RandomisedControlled Feasibility Trial in Stroke: A Qualitative studyUsing Normalisation Process Theory
Joke Delvaux1,2,3, Alexandra John1, Lucy Wedderburn1,4
and Jacqui Morris1
1School of Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK. 2Scottish Improvement
Science Collaborating Centre, University of Dundee, UK. 3Physiotherapy Department, NHS
Tayside, Dundee, UK. 4Occupational Therapy Department, Perth Royal Infirmary, NHS Tayside,
Perth, UK.
ABSTRACT
Objective:
To explore how non-research funded rehabilitation practitioners implemented dynamic Lycra® orthoses for arm recovery after
stroke into rehabilitation practice, as part of a feasibility randomised controlled trial.
Design:
Qualitative interview study.
Setting: Two in-patient stroke units and associated rehabilitation units.
Subjects: Fifteen purposefully selected stroke rehabilitation practitioners involved in delivery of dynamic Lycra® orthoses as part of a feasibility randomised controlled trial.
Methods:
Semi-structured interviews conducted at the end of the trial. Interviews examined their experiences of orthosis implementation.
Normalisation Process Theory structured the interview guide and informed data analysis. NVivo software supported data analysis.
Results:
Practitioners intuitively made sense of the intervention in the face of uncertainty about its precise mechanisms of action (Normalisation Process Theory construct: coherence) and espoused commitment to the research, despite uncertainty about orthosis effectiveness
(cognitive participation). They did however adapt the intervention based on perceived therapeutic need, their own skillsets and stroke survivor preference (collective action). They were uncertain about benefits (reflexive monitoring). Across the 4 theoretical constructs, ambivalence about the intervention was detected.
Conclusions:
Ambivalence interfered with implementation – but only to an extent. ‘Good-enough’ coherence, cognitive participation,
collective action and reflexive monitoring were sufficient to initiate normalisation – as long as implementation did not undermine the relationship between practitioner and stroke survivor. Ambivalence stemmed from practitioners’ uncertainty about the intervention theory and mechanisms of action. Making intervention mechanisms of action more explicit to practitioners may influence how they implement and adapt a
research intervention, and may determine whether those processes undermine or enhance outcomes.
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