Deans' stroke musings: Exploring the dynamics of stroke survivors’ care dependency, fatigue, and coping strategy in their caregivers: a structural equation modeling analysis

Changing stroke rehab and research worldwide now.Time is Brain! trillions and trillions of neurons that DIE each day because there are NO effective hyperacute therapies besides tPA(only 12% effective). I have 523 posts on hyperacute therapy, enough for researchers to spend decades proving them out. These are my personal ideas and blog on stroke rehabilitation and stroke research. Do not attempt any of these without checking with your medical provider. Unless you join me in agitating, when you need these therapies they won't be there.

What this blog is for:

My blog is not to help survivors recover, it is to have the 10 million yearly stroke survivors light fires underneath their doctors, stroke hospitals and stroke researchers to get stroke solved. 100% recovery. The stroke medical world is completely failing at that goal, they don't even have it as a goal. Shortly after getting out of the hospital and getting NO information on the process or protocols of stroke rehabilitation and recovery I started searching on the internet and found that no other survivor received useful information. This is an attempt to cover all stroke rehabilitation information that should be readily available to survivors so they can talk with informed knowledge to their medical staff. It lays out what needs to be done to get stroke survivors closer to 100% recovery. It's quite disgusting that this information is not available from every stroke association and doctors group.

Monday, July 7, 2025

Exploring the dynamics of stroke survivors’ care dependency, fatigue, and coping strategy in their caregivers: a structural equation modeling analysis

None of these problems need to occur if we have EXACT 100% RECOVERY PROTOCOLS! And I bet your incompetent? doctor is not working on 100% recovery! I'd have everyone fired who is not working on 100% recovery! A lot of dead wood needs to be removed in stroke, put survivors in charge and it will get done.

Exploring the dynamics of stroke survivors’ care dependency, fatigue, and coping strategy in their caregivers: a structural equation modeling analysis

Jinyao Wang1†, Shuangyan Tu2†, Jun Cui3, Rong Yang2, Yan Jiang4* and Lihong Zhao5*

1DWest China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

2Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

3Department of Infrastructure, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

4Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

5Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

Edited by

Thao Thi Phuong Nguyen, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vietnam

Reviewed by

Kristopher Struckmeyer, The Pennsylvania State University (PSU), United States

Donna de Levante Raphael, Alzheimer’s Foundation of America, United States

*Correspondence

Yan Jiang, hxhljy2018@163.com; Lihong Zhao, hxzlh2021@163.com

†These authors have contributed equally to this work

Received 14 November 2024

Accepted 07 May 2025

Published 21 May 2025

Citation

Wang JY, Tu SY, Cui J, Yang R, Jiang Y and Zhao LH (2025) Exploring the dynamics of stroke survivors’ care dependency, fatigue, and coping strategy in their caregivers: a structural equation modeling analysis. Front. Public Health 13:1528109. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1528109

Aims: To evaluate the interactions among stroke survivors’ care dependency, caregivers’ negative coping strategy, and fatigue.

Design: Descriptive quantitative research design.

Setting: Patients with acute stroke and their caregivers were enrolled in a General Hospital in West China from July 2022 to April 2023.

Primary and secondary outcome measures: Data collection adopted the Care Dependency Scale (CDS), the Simple Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), and the Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14). Structural equation modeling was applied to test the hypothetical model. This study adhered to STROBE reporting guidelines.

Results: A total of 380 dyads with the mean age of stroke caregivers was 63.41 ± 12.87 years. The mean score for care dependency, fatigue, positive coping, and negative coping were 53.91 ± 15.95, 8.34 ± 3.58, 19.39 ± 7.05, and 8.06 ± 4.23, respectively. The structural equation model had a good fit index (χ2 = 12.595 (df 5), IFI = 0.993, GFI = 0.990, AGFI = 0.956, NFI = 0.988, TLI = 0.979, CFI = 0.993, RMSEA = 0.063, SRMR = 0.0213). It showed that the direct effect path coefficients of patients’ care dependency on caregivers’ fatigue (β = −0.22, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.367, −0.097, p = 0.002) and negative coping (β = −0.31, 95% CI: −0.438, −0.155, p = 0.003) were statistically significant. The NIHSS score indirectly influenced caregivers’ fatigue (β = 0.023, 95% CI: 0.006, 0.051, p = 0.002) and negative coping (β = 0.204, 95% CI: 0.103, 0.303, p = 0.003) through the mediating effect of care dependency.