It doesn't say anything about the answer to the question. Lots of blather but nothing objective.
How much exercise will increase your lifespan?
Naveed Saleh, MD, MS, for MDLinx | March 27, 2019
People with elite-performance
cardiorespiratory fitness had an 80% lower mortality risk compared with
people with low cardiorespiratory fitness, according to the results of a
high-powered study published in JAMA Network Open.
The greater your cardiorespiratory fitness level, the lower your risk of mortality, according to researchers.
On the other hand, “[t]he increase in
all-cause mortality associated with reduced cardiorespiratory fitness
was comparable to or greater than traditional clinical risk factors,”
such as coronary artery disease, smoking, and diabetes, wrote the study
authors, led by cardiologist Kyle Mandsager, MD, Cleveland Clinic
Foundation, Cleveland, OH. “Importantly, there was no upper limit of
benefit of increased aerobic fitness.”
This retrospective study included the largest reported treatment group of adult patients referred for exercise treadmill training at a tertiary care center (N=122,007; average age: 53.4 years; median follow-up: 8.4 years).
Results from exercise treadmill testing were age- and sex-matched into the following fitness groups: low (< 25th percentile), below average (25th to 49th percentile), above average (50th to 74th percentile), high (75th to 97.6th percentile), and elite (≥ 97.7th percentile).
“Extreme cardiorespiratory fitness (≥2 SDs above the mean for age and sex) was associated with the lowest risk-adjusted all-cause mortality compared with all other performance groups,” the authors reported.
Upon subgroup analysis, the survival benefit of elite vs high performers was most notable in patients older than age 70. In this age group, elite performers had a nearly 30% reduced risk of mortality compared with high performers. In younger age groups, no statistical difference in outcomes was evident between elite and high performers.
For patients with hypertension, the elite performers again showed a 30% reduction in all-cause mortality compared with high performers.
Recent results from observational studies, however, undermine the logic that daily rigorous exercise may prolong life in patients. Specifically, the hemodynamic stress of such regular intense exercise can yield cardiovascular changes, such as increases in cardiac chamber volumes, a balanced increase in left ventricular mass, and changes in autonomic tone. These physiologic changes could lead to atrial fibrillation, aortic dilation, coronary artery calcification, and myocardial fibrosis.
“These findings have led some to propose a U-shaped dose-response association between exercise and cardiovascular events,” wrote the authors. “It remains unclear whether these associations are signals of true pathologic findings or rather benign features of cardiovascular adaptation.”
One limitation of the current study is that it assigned performance levels based on only one exercise treadmill training test; subjects could very well change exercise habits during the multiyear follow-up period.
“Cardiorespiratory fitness is a modifiable indicator of long-term mortality, and health care professionals should encourage patients to achieve and maintain high levels of fitness,” concluded the researchers.
The greater your cardiorespiratory fitness level, the lower your risk of mortality, according to researchers.This retrospective study included the largest reported treatment group of adult patients referred for exercise treadmill training at a tertiary care center (N=122,007; average age: 53.4 years; median follow-up: 8.4 years).
Results from exercise treadmill testing were age- and sex-matched into the following fitness groups: low (< 25th percentile), below average (25th to 49th percentile), above average (50th to 74th percentile), high (75th to 97.6th percentile), and elite (≥ 97.7th percentile).
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“Extreme cardiorespiratory fitness (≥2 SDs above the mean for age and sex) was associated with the lowest risk-adjusted all-cause mortality compared with all other performance groups,” the authors reported.
Upon subgroup analysis, the survival benefit of elite vs high performers was most notable in patients older than age 70. In this age group, elite performers had a nearly 30% reduced risk of mortality compared with high performers. In younger age groups, no statistical difference in outcomes was evident between elite and high performers.
For patients with hypertension, the elite performers again showed a 30% reduction in all-cause mortality compared with high performers.
U-shaped dose-response curve?
The negative association between cardiorespiratory fitness and mortality has been previously demonstrated in the literature. This phenomenon was shown to be independent of race, age, sex, and comorbidities. Moreover, heightened cardiorespiratory fitness has been significantly linked to decreased prevalence rates of coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, and stroke.Recent results from observational studies, however, undermine the logic that daily rigorous exercise may prolong life in patients. Specifically, the hemodynamic stress of such regular intense exercise can yield cardiovascular changes, such as increases in cardiac chamber volumes, a balanced increase in left ventricular mass, and changes in autonomic tone. These physiologic changes could lead to atrial fibrillation, aortic dilation, coronary artery calcification, and myocardial fibrosis.
“These findings have led some to propose a U-shaped dose-response association between exercise and cardiovascular events,” wrote the authors. “It remains unclear whether these associations are signals of true pathologic findings or rather benign features of cardiovascular adaptation.”
- See Also: Can exercise prevent lung cancer?
One limitation of the current study is that it assigned performance levels based on only one exercise treadmill training test; subjects could very well change exercise habits during the multiyear follow-up period.
“Cardiorespiratory fitness is a modifiable indicator of long-term mortality, and health care professionals should encourage patients to achieve and maintain high levels of fitness,” concluded the researchers.
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