http://jneuroengrehab.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12984-016-0148-3
- David J. ReinkensmeyerEmail author,
- Etienne Burdet,
- Maura Casadio,
- John W. Krakauer,
- Gert Kwakkel,
- Catherine E. Lang,
- Stephan P. Swinnen,
- Nick S. Ward and
- Nicolas Schweighofer
Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation201613:42
DOI: 10.1186/s12984-016-0148-3
© Reinkensmeyer et al. 2016
Received: 19 November 2015
Accepted: 13 April 2016
Published: 30 April 2016
Abstract
Despite
progress in using computational approaches to inform medicine and
neuroscience in the last 30 years, there have been few attempts to model
the mechanisms underlying sensorimotor rehabilitation. We argue that a
fundamental understanding of neurologic recovery, and as a result
accurate predictions at the individual level, will be facilitated by
developing computational models of the salient neural processes,
including plasticity and learning systems of the brain, and integrating
them into a context specific to rehabilitation. Here, we therefore
discuss Computational Neurorehabilitation,
a newly emerging field aimed at modeling plasticity and motor learning
to understand and improve movement recovery of individuals with
neurologic impairment. We first explain how the emergence of robotics
and wearable sensors for rehabilitation is providing data that make
development and testing of such models increasingly feasible. We then
review key aspects of plasticity and motor learning that such models
will incorporate. We proceed by discussing how computational
neurorehabilitation models relate to the current benchmark in
rehabilitation modeling – regression-based, prognostic modeling. We then
critically discuss the first computational neurorehabilitation models,
which have primarily focused on modeling rehabilitation of the upper
extremity after stroke, and show how even simple models have produced
novel ideas for future investigation. Finally, we conclude with key
directions for future research, anticipating that soon we will see the
emergence of mechanistic models of motor recovery that are informed by
clinical imaging results and driven by the actual movement content of
rehabilitation therapy as well as wearable sensor-based records of daily
activity.
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