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Analysis of Factors Affecting Quality of Life (QoL) in Middle-Aged Stroke Patients (Under 65 Years Old) in the Rehabilitation Phase: Multivariate Regression Analysis
Authors Lumbantobing VBM , Priastomo M, Kosasih CE, Rhamelani P , Anggadiredja K, Adnyana IK
Received 8 November 2024
Accepted for publication 26 March 2025
Published 15 June 2025 Volume 2025:18 Pages 3477—3491
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S504851
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Professor Charles Victor Pollack
Valentina Belinda M Lumbantobing,1,2,* Mukti Priastomo,1 Cecep Eli Kosasih,3 Putri Rhamelani,4 Kusnandar Anggadiredja,1 I Ketut Adnyana1,*
1Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia; 2Department of Fundamental Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia; 3Department of Critical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia; 4Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Valentina Belinda M Lumbantobing, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, Email valentina@unpad.ac.id I Ketut Adnyana, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, Email ketut@itb.ac.id
Purpose: This study analyzed factors influencing the quality of life (QoL) in stroke patients during the rehabilitation phase so that rehabilitation professionals, caregivers, and stroke patients can pay attention to all aspects that contribute significantly to a better QoL and can design appropriate interventions to improve patient welfare and support a more significant recovery process.
Patients and Methods: A non-experimental quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design was conducted with 76 adult stroke patients in the rehabilitation phase. Data were collected using an interval-scale paper-based questionnaire and analyzed using univariate analysis techniques and multivariate regression analysis.
Results: The results showed that social support, sleep quality, self-esteem, hardiness, spirituality, and psychological well-being affected patients’ QoL in all domains (P = 0.000). More specifically, the physical domain was significantly affected by sleep quality (P = 0.000), spirituality (P = 0.004), and psychological well-being (P = 0.000). The psychological domain was significantly affected by social support (P = 0.000), sleep quality (P = 0.017), hardiness (P = 0.000), and spirituality (P = 0.007). The social domain was significantly influenced by social support (P = 0.002), sleep quality (P = 0.044), and self-esteem (P = 0.000). Finally, the environmental domain was significantly influenced by social support (P = 0.002) and self-esteem (P = 0.000).
Conclusion: The success of stroke patient recovery in the rehabilitation phase is marked by the goodness of all domains of QoL. This study obtained the analysis result of specific factors affecting each domain in QoL. Therefore, patients, families, nurses, and other health care providers have a crucial role in efforts to create a better QoL in stroke patients in the rehabilitation phase by considering the factors that have the most significant influence.
Plain Language Summary: This study was conducted to determine the factors that influence the QoL of stroke patients in the rehabilitation phase. As stroke recovery can be a long and challenging process, understanding these factors is essential for improving patient care and recovery outcomes. The study involved 76 adult stroke patients and used multivariate regression analysis to explore how social support, sleep quality, self-esteem, spirituality, and psychological well-being impact QoL. The findings matter because they show how different factors influence various aspects of QoL. For instance, sleep quality, spirituality, and psychological well-being impact the physical aspect of QoL, while social support, sleep quality, and spirituality affect the psychological aspect. Social support, sleep quality, and self-esteem are key to improving the social aspect, while social support and self-esteem also influence the environmental aspect. These results can be applied in clinical settings by guiding healthcare providers to focus on these specific factors during the rehabilitation phase. By addressing social support, improving sleep, and enhancing psychological well-being, healthcare providers, patients, and families can work together to optimize recovery, improve QoL, and ultimately lead to better long-term outcomes for stroke patients.
Keywords: physical support, psychosocial support, quality of life, sleep quality, spiritual support, stroke rehabilitation
Graphical Abstract:
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