http://www.everydayhealth.com/high-cholesterol/0223/what-makes-good-cholesterol-go-bad.aspx
Researchers have discovered how specific proteins in the blood transform HDL cholesterol (the good kind) into LDL Cholesterol (the bad kind). Here's how it works, plus ways to amp up your good cholesterol levels through diet and exercise.
Blame it on a tiny, banana-shaped protein molecule called CETP, which stands for cholesteryl ester transfer protein.Research from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) has revealed how CETP turns good cholesterol (high density lipoproteins, or HDL) into bad cholesterol (low density lipoproteins, LDL).
Lipoproteins are substances that carry cholesterol throughout the body. LDLs do so in a way that can clog arteries — blocking blood flow, and potentially causing heart disease or stroke. Hence the “bad” label. HDLs, on the other hand, carry cholesterol out of the bloodstream and into the liver, where it’s excreted. That way, it doesn’t build up in the arteries.
It turns out that CETP molecules transfer cholesterol from those good HDLs to bad LDLs via a tunnel that runs through its center.
The findings, published in the journal Nature Chemical Biology, could lead to more efficient ways of preventing the development of heart disease. “Our model identifies new interfaces of CETP that interact with HDL and LDL and delineates the mechanism by which the transfer of cholesterol takes place,” says Gang Ren, PhD, of Berkeley Lab’s Molecular Foundry, who led the study. “This is an important step toward the rational design of next generation CETP inhibitors for treating cardiovascular disease.”
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