Maybe this:
Brain Equation: Subtract Protein, Generate Myelin-making Cells
Or maybe you need to look at the Myelin Repair Foundation
Long-Term Exercise Improves Memory Deficits via Restoration of Myelin and Microvessel Damage, and Enhancement of Neurogenesis in the Aged Gerbil Hippocampus After Ischemic Stroke
- Ji Hyeon Ahn, PhD1
- Jung Hoon Choi, DVM, PhD2
- Joon Ha Park, PhD2
- In Hye Kim, PhD2
- Jeong-Hwi Cho, MS2
- Jae-Chul Lee, PhD2
- Hyun-Mo Koo, PhD3
- Gak Hwangbo, PhD4
- Ki-Yeon Yoo, PhD5
- Choong Hyun Lee, DVM, PhD6
- In Koo Hwang, DVM, PhD7
- Jun Hwi Cho, MD, PhD2
- Soo Young Choi, PhD1
- Young-Guen Kwon, PhD8
- Young-Myeong Kim, PhD2
- Il-Jun Kang, PhD1
- Moo-Ho Won, DVM, PhD2⇑
- 1Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
- 2Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
- 3Kyungsung University, Busan, South Korea
- 4Daegu University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
- 5Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
- 6Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- 7Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- 8Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- Moo-Ho Won, DVM, PhD, Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea. Email: mhwon@kangwon.ac.kr
- Il-Jun Kang, PhD, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea. Email: ijkang@hallym.ac.kr
Abstract
Background. The positive
correlation between therapeutic exercise and memory recovery in cases of
ischemia has been extensively studied;
however, long-term exercise begun after ischemic
neuronal death as a chronic neurorestorative strategy has not yet been
thoroughly
examined.
The purpose of this
study is to investigate possible mechanisms by which exercise
ameliorates ischemia-induced memory impairment
in the aged gerbil hippocampus after transient
cerebral ischemia.
Methods. Treadmill exercise was begun 5 days
after ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) and lasted for 1 or 4 weeks. The
animals were sacrificed
31 days after the induction of ischemia. Changes in
short-term memory, as well as the hippocampal expression of markers of
cell proliferation, neuroblast differentiation,
neurogenesis, myelin and microvessel repair, and growth factors were
examined
by immunohistochemistry and/or western blots.
Results.
Four weeks of exercise facilitated memory recovery despite neuronal
damage in the stratum pyramidale (SP) of the hippocampal
CA1 region and in the polymorphic layer (PoL) of
the dentate gyrus (DG) after I-R. Long-term exercise enhanced cell
proliferation
and neuroblast differentiation in a time-dependent
manner, and newly generated mature cells were found in the granule cell
layer of the DG, but not in the SP of the CA1
region or in the PoL of the DG. In addition, long-term exercise
ameliorated
ischemia-induced damage of myelin and microvessels,
which was correlated with increased BDNF expression in the CA1 region
and the DG.
Conclusions. These results suggest that long-term treadmill exercise after I-R can restore memory function through replacement of multiple
damaged structures in the ischemic aged hippocampus.
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