Cooling Vest May Reduce Body Fat in Obesity

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Cooling Vest May Reduce Body Fat in Obesity

TOPLINE:

Daily cold exposure using cooling vests for 2 hours each morning over 6 weeks reduced body weight and body fat mass in adults with overweight or obesity. The intervention improved thermal comfort and cold-induced carbohydrate oxidation while reducing cold perception over time.

METHODOLOGY:

• Cold exposure has gained attention as a possible way to decrease fat accumulation; however, previous studies involved lean participants or short-term interventions.
• Researchers studied the effects of longer-term cold exposure in 47 adults with overweight or obesity (BMI, 25-35) who were randomly assigned either to the control group (n = 23) or the cold exposure group (n = 24). Participants wore a cooling vest and waist wrap with phase change material with 15 °C cooling pads for 2 hours each morning for 6 weeks.
• Body composition was measured using bioimpedance and hepatic steatosis via FibroScan, and resting energy expenditure was evaluated at thermoneutrality (27 °C) and upon acute cold exposure (11 °C) before and after the intervention period.
• Daily questionnaires assessed participants’ cold perception and thermal comfort.
• Other measures included serum levels of glucose metabolism markers (eg, glucose and insulin) and lipid metabolism markers (eg, triglycerides, free fatty acids, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), and whole blood was assessed for leukocyte count and lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine release.

TAKEAWAY:

• Compared with the control group, the cold exposure group had a reduced body weight by 1.6 ± 0.4 kg (P < .001) and BMI by 0.5 ± 0.1 (P < .001), attributed to a reduction in body fat mass of 1.5 ± 0.5 kg (P = .007), whereas fat-free mass remained unchanged.
• Repeated cold exposure improved thermal comfort ratings of the cooling vest (P = .020) and decreased cold perception (P = .025).
• Acute cold exposure enhanced cold-induced carbohydrate oxidation by 0.005 ± 0.002 g/min (P = .019).
• Cold exposure did not result in changes in hepatic steatosis, circulating levels of markers related to glucose or lipid metabolism, leukocyte composition, or lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine release in blood. 

IN PRACTICE:

“In subjects with overweight or obesity, 6 weeks of daily cold exposure reduced body weight primarily by lowering body fat mass,” the authors of the study wrote.

SOURCE:

The study was led by Mariëtte Boon, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands. The findings were presented at the 33rd European Congress on Obesity (ECO) 2026.