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The latest here:
Hearing aids do not reduce dementia-level impairment in older adults with mild cognitive impairment
Hearing aid intervention did not significantly reduce the 24-month incidence of dementia-level impairment among older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and moderate-to-severe hearing loss, according to the CHOICE randomised clinical trial published in JAMA Neurology.
However, hearing aid intervention was associated with a higher rate of cognitive improvement, a prespecified secondary outcome that the researchers said warranted cautious interpretation.
Ying Chen, MD, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, and colleagues conducted the multicentre, open-label trial at 3 tertiary otology outpatient clinics and 3 community health stations in Shanghai. Among 21,908 adults aged 60 years or older assessed for eligibility, 703 participants with coexisting MCI and moderate-to-severe hearing loss were randomised 1:1 to hearing aid intervention or hearing care education.
Patients in the intervention group received free binaural behind-the-ear hearing aids, fitted by certified audiologists, while the control group received structured education on hearing care, chronic disease management, healthy lifestyle modifications, and cognitive decline prevention. The primary outcome was conversion from MCI to dementia-level impairment, defined as a Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) global score of 1 or more, at 24 months.
Among 703 randomised patients, 610 (86.77%) completed follow-up. Dementia-level impairment occurred in 3.09% of the hearing aid group versus 4.74% of the education group (risk difference = -2.07%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -4.74% to 0.61%; relative risk [RR] = 0.59; 95% CI, 0.25-1.38; P = .23). By contrast, cognitive improvement, defined as a CDR change from 0.5 to 0, occurred in 15.34% versus 2.36%, respectively (RR = 5.94; 95% CI, 2.46-14.37).
The researchers noted that the 24-month follow-up may have been relatively short for assessing dementia incidence, and the study used a narrower MCI population defined by CDR=0.5. Other limitations included reliance on the subjective CDR scale and potential confounding from the education provided to the control group.
“In this study, hearing aid intervention did not significantly reduce the incidence of dementia-level impairment at 24 months in older adults with coexisting hearing loss and mild cognitive impairment,” wrote Chen and colleagues. The authors proposed that biologically informed MCI subtyping and studies across diverse populations could help clarify the findings through improved generalisability and variable cognitive outcomes.
Reference: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaneurology/fullarticle/2854483
SOURCE: JAMA Neurology
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