Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery in Women

 You're on your own to read and use this to recover.

Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery in Women

Evaluation of balance and orthotic gait training techniques for rehabilitation in hemiplegic stroke patients

 No protocols were written and delivered to all 10 million yearly stroke survivors, so you failed at your only job; getting survivors recovered!

Evaluation of balance and orthotic gait training techniques for rehabilitation in hemiplegic stroke patients

• Sidra Tariq,
• Asim Waris,
• Javaid Iqbal,
• Niaz Bahadur Khan,
• Syed Omer Gilani,
• Shafaq Mushtaq,
• Qasim Awais &
• Khurram Mushtaq 

Scientific Reports volume 15, Article number: 15059 (2025) Cite this article

• Metrics details

Abstract

Stroke-induced hemiplegia is a major cause of long-term disability, often leading to lower limb deformities and abnormal gait. Ankle-foot orthoses (AFO) have shown effectiveness in improving these conditions, but limited research explores the benefits of combining AFO therapy with balance training. This study aimed to explore the effects of combining balance training exercises with orthotic intervention on various gait characteristics in stroke patients with lower limb paralysis. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) involved 32 patients, 12–18 weeks post-stroke, randomized into two groups: balance training only (n = 16) and balance training with orthotics (n = 16). Gait performance was evaluated at baseline and post intervention using the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) and 10-Meter Walk Tests. The combination therapy group showed significant improvements in gait parameters. For the 10-Meter Walk Test, the mean pre-intervention speed was 0.31 ± 0.03 m/s, and post-intervention speed was 0.40 ± 0.03 m/s. In the TUG test, mean pre-intervention time was 27.04 ± 2.04 s, and post-intervention time was 20.55 ± 2.30 s (p < 0.05). These improvements were greater than those observed in the balance-only group. The combination of balance training and AFO therapy significantly improves gait in chronic hemiplegic stroke patients. This approach offers a promising(NOT GOOD ENOUGH! Where are your EXACT  REHAB PROTOCOLS? If you don't have them; you're fucking incompetent!) rehabilitation strategy to enhance functional mobility and quality of life in stroke survivors.

The Big Stroke Questions Scientists Are Trying to Answer

 What a joke, these supposedly smart persons really know nothing! If you want to get much closer to 100% recovery you have to stop the neuronal cascade of death in the first week, saving hundreds of millions to billions of neurons! And these people aren't even talking about that. I'd consider them blithering idiots for such stupidity! They won't even try to prove me wrong.  When they are the the 1 in 4 per WHO that has a stroke they will finally acknowledge they were completely wrong about recovery! Comeuppance is going to be a bitch for them; knowing they could have solved stroke when they were still smart. 

The Big Stroke Questions Scientists Are Trying to Answer

Since Hippocrates, the father of medicine, first described a stroke, scientists have made great strides in understanding both the causes of strokes and how to treat them. But plenty of questions remain unanswered, especially regarding helping the brain and body recover faster and more completely. 

For example, what’s the best way to personalize care(NOT RECOVERY! This is the start of their complete idiocy; 'care' NOT RECOVERY!)? What technologies would help patients recover more completely? And perhaps the most elusive question: Can we find a magic drug to recuperate lost brain function? Tufts researchers are pressing toward the answers to those questions, from a variety of different angles.

Miranda Good, an assistant professor at Tufts University School of Medicine and neurovascular physiologist at Tufts Medical Center’s Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, is investigating how to salvage damaged brain tissue(Well, you prevent a lot of dead neurons by just stopping the 5 causes of the neuronal cascade of death in the first week! AND YOU DON'T KNOW THAT? My God, the complete incompetence out there and these are professors!)

 . Mary Teena Joy, an assistant professor of neuroscience at the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, focuses on understanding brain circuit changes after stroke at the Joy Lab, which is based at the Jackson Laboratory (JAX) in Bar Harbor, Maine. Lester Y. Leung, an associate professor at the School of Medicine who’s also a vascular neurologist and director of the Comprehensive Stroke Center at Tufts Medical Center, regularly treats patients recovering from stroke. And, Gabriele Moriello, a physical therapist and associate professor at the School of Medicine, has used new technology to help patients with recovery.

They all recently spoke with Tufts Now to share insight into the frontiers of stroke research.

Salvaging Brain Tissue

There are two types of strokes: ischemic, which occur when a blood vessel in the brain is blocked, and hemorrhagic, which occur when there is bleeding in the brain. In the case of an ischemic stroke, blockage of a blood vessel cuts off blood supply from a part of the brain. As brain cells lose oxygen, they die. Once they’re dead, they can’t be brought back to life. 

The black area in the center of this CT scan of a brain is evidence of an ischemic stroke. Photo: Shutterstock

However, after a stroke, some cells on the perimeter of the initial stroke injury may still be salvageable. Physicians refer to this injured but salvageable tissue as the penumbra. 

Medications and surgeries exist to remove blockages from the blood vessels in the brain in the case of a stroke. But no medicine currently exists that targets the penumbra. “Right now, the only thing we can do is try to minimize the initial injury,” Good said. “There’s nothing at the moment to limit the expansion of that injury.”(Well, fuck! You've given up on preventing the neuronal cascade of death! I'd have you fired for that defeatist attitude !)

Good’s research aims to develop drugs that target those penumbra cells. “We want to protect the cells that are debating, “should I die, or should I live?’” she said.

Good investigates how to protect those cells via two pathways: returning blood flow to the part of the brain that is not receiving enough oxygen and reducing inflammation in the penumbra. The faster and further blood flow returns into damaged tissue, the more of it can be salvaged. And inflammation from the brain’s response to the stroke injury can further damage brain tissue in the penumbra that may be salvageable.

To target both pathways, Good studies a protein in the brain called pannexin1. Blocking pannexin1 helps blood vessels in the brain to relax, increasing blood flow.

The light-colored mass in this CT scan of brain is evidence of a hemorrhagic stroke. Photo: Shutterstock

Blocking pannexin1 also helps limit inflammation by reducing the amount of white blood cells—immune system cells that cause inflammation—entering the brain from the bloodstream. Preclinical studies in mice from Good’s research group have shown that blocking pannexin1 reduces inflammation in the brain and reduces the stroke injury. Preclinical studies like these are needed to identify new therapeutic interventions, she said. 

Personalizing Care

Strokes seem to affect male and female humans differently, too, which is an active area of research for stroke experts. For example, said Good, women who have recently completed menopause are suddenly at a much higher risk of stroke and other vascular events, but scientists aren’t entirely sure if the underlying mechanisms that cause that change in women are the same as mechanisms that worsen stroke outcome in men. Digging deeper into that question could eventually identify hormonal or non-hormonal pathways that may trigger strokes in women and aid the creation of drugs that target those pathways. 

“We’re extremely far behind in understanding the mechanisms that are regulating diseases in women, including stroke,” Good said.

Another big question is how to personalize stroke care based on variables beyond sex. The type of stroke, where in the brain it occurred, and which brain signaling pathways it affected should all play a role in designing a treatment and recovery plan, Leung said. Current recovery plans tend to be “cookie-cutter,” with a limited set of possibilities for rehabilitation therapy type and duration. 

“There’s a lot more opportunity to use our knowledge and expertise, like brain scans, for example, to get a sense for what types of therapies will really help one specific person,” Leung said. 

Leung used the example of a person who has lost their ability to speak due to a very severe stroke on the left side of their brain. Standard speech therapy may not work very well for them, since much of their language-processing brain tissue has been damaged. The knowledge of where the stroke occurred, gained via brain scans, might indicate that music therapy—which harnesses the abilities of the right side of the brain—could work very well for them. 

Personalizing care could also mean finding new ways to anticipate late complications after stroke, or LCAS, which include seizures, persistent fatigue, depression, anxiety, cognitive impairment, sleep disorders, severe headaches, and chronic pain that occurs weeks to months after a stroke. Scientists could create predictive models that estimate the likelihood of such complications based on a patient’s unique brain injury and demographic information, Leung said. Currently, “that level of personalization doesn’t exist,” but it is one goal of Leung’s research with stroke survivors.

“Scientists are still in the quest of whether we can come up with a magic drug for stroke that can significantly improve function. Even a 20% increase in motor function means a meaningful change in the life of a stroke patient.”

Mary Teena Joy, assistant professor of neuroscience at the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences

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Refining Recovery

Researchers are also working to understand how the brain recovers. Brains that have been damaged by a stroke initially lose certain functions. But the brain is able to adapt to changing circumstances through its life—an ability scientists call “plasticity.” 

“It’s really a question about how we harness that plasticity,” Joy said.

We don't SPECIFICALLY know why a neuron gives up its' current job and takes on a neighbors. Thus, nothing on neuroplasticity is scientifically repeatable on demand. So, DEMAND your doctor give you EXACT PROTOCOLS to use. Don't allow your doctor to give you generalities or guidelines.

Joy’s research involves imaging brain activity in mouse models to pinpoint how specific neural circuits in the brain reorganize after a stroke. She hopes the research will ultimately help scientists better understand how brain plasticity can improve a patient’s motor skills, like holding a glass of water, combing their hair, or picking up a fork, for example. 

Plasticity isn’t always beneficial, either. When a stroke patient loses some of their motor function, they may compensate for that loss of function with movements that hinder their recovery or lead to pain in overused joints. As one example, a stroke patient who has lost some ability to reach with their upper limbs might compensate by hyperextending other body parts, which may cause injury over time.

Joy’s research aims to understand how the brain’s reorganization after a stroke causes that compensation. “We want to understand what in the brain is causing that, and how we can discourage that maladaptive plasticity and encourage beneficial plasticity in the brain.”

Signaling pathways in the brain that have to do with learning may also be involved in stroke recovery. Joy’s previous work as a postdoctoral researcher identified a protein on the surface of different brain cells including neurons, called chemokine receptor type 5 or CCR5, that “puts the brakes” on brain plasticity. When cellular signaling via that protein is deactivated, the brain can learn better and build new neural pathways. Now, in her work at Tufts-JAX, Joy is investigating what types of drug therapies can best target pathways that engage CCR5 in the brain and looking for other molecular and neural targets in the brain that control learning.

“Scientists are still in the quest of whether we can come up with a magic drug for stroke that can significantly improve function,” Joy said. “Even a 20% increase in motor function means a meaningful change in the life of a stroke patient.”

Stem cells—human cells that have not yet differentiated into specific body system cells such as blood cells, skin cells, immune cells, and more—could be that magic drug. Much more research is needed, Leung said. But there’s a potential that stem cells could rebuild brain tissue from the ground up, bypassing the problem of salvaging damaged tissue.

Physical therapists who work with people who've had a stroke have started to incorporate exoskeletons—mechanical frames that can support a person while they move—into their therapies. Photo: Shutterstock

Technological Advances

Some of the most exciting advances in the stroke world are in the technology space, Leung said.

For example, physical therapists who work with those who have had a stroke have begun to incorporate exoskeletons—mechanical frames that can support a person while they move—into their therapies, Moriello said. Having the support of an exoskeleton helps a patient repeat certain movements that may not otherwise be possible, like walking, in the hopes that the brain will adapt.

Implants in the brain or spinal cord can also help neurological signals bypass damaged tissue. The technologies “essentially enhance or amplify the signal from the brain to a part of the body, so the body is able to hear that signal better,” Leung said. Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved a medical device that stimulates the vagus nerve with electrical impulses to help stroke survivors with arm paralysis improve their motor skill recovery. Stroke researchers are working to understand how such devices and similar technologies can help stroke patients with a variety of neurological impairments.

What Stroke Recovery Looks Like Today -Tufts university

 You don't bother telling them only 10% fully recover! A complete fucking failure by their stroke medical 'professionals'! But you keep using the word 'care' instead of recovery; I'd fire you for such sloppiness!

What Stroke Recovery Looks Like Today

You may be familiar with the common signs and symptoms of a stroke: loss of vision, drooping face, weak limbs, and slurred speech. But what happens during the recovery phase, once a patient has spent time in the hospital and their brain has begun to recover?

Lester Leung, a vascular neurologist at Tufts Medical Center and associate professor at Tufts University School of Medicine, Gabriele Moriello, a physical therapist and associate professor in the Department of Rehabilitation Sciences at the School of Medicine, and David Thaler, a vascular neurologist at Tufts Medical Center and professor at the School of Medicine, recently shared how stroke patients recover and what factors may help or hinder the process.

The Shape of Recovery

There are two main categories of strokes: ischemic strokes and hemorrhagic strokes. Most strokes, about 87%, are ischemic strokes, caused by the blockage of a blood vessel in the brain. Hemorrhagic strokes, about 13% of strokes, are caused by bleeding in the brain.

Both types of strokes can damage healthy brain tissue. But the two types have slightly different trajectories of recovery. A patient with an ischemic stroke will see their brain function and mobility drop down after a stroke, then begin to improve starting as soon as 24 hours after their stroke.

A person with a hemorrhagic stroke also loses brain function quickly after a stroke. But because there is blood in the brain, hindering its function, it takes longer for that person’s function to return. As blood reabsorbs into the brain, “there’s a very steep potential incline in terms of regaining function, but it’s delayed,” Leung said.

For both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, the potential for improvement is high, Thaler said. The “shape” of recovery is also similar: People improve quickly early on, then their progress begins to slow. And while the severity of a stroke doesn’t typically change the shape of recovery, it does affect the extent to which a person will ultimately improve, he said—a person with a mild stroke may regain all their functions, while someone with a severe stroke, such as one that paralyzed them, may not ever recover completely.

“Recovery is different for every single person,” Moriello said.(I'd have you fired for such a thought process. It means you haven't fully thought about making recovery repeatable at all! You've given up getting all survivors recovered. There are NO excuses for such thoughts!)

!

Inpatient rehabilitation may include physical therapy (a method to improve physical movement and mobility), occupational therapy (based on the movements a person needs to carry out their role in life), speech therapy (which focuses on speech and swallowing), or a mix of all three. Photo: Adobe

Rebuilding the Brain

As soon as 24 to 48 hours after a stroke, physical therapists like Moriello will begin to mobilize a stroke patient, asking them to get out of bed, stand up, and walk around. A person’s long-term outcomes are better the sooner they’re able to get up and moving, she said. 

Next, people who can tolerate three hours of therapy per day typically head to inpatient rehab, which may include physical therapy (a method to improve physical movement and mobility), occupational therapy (similar to physical therapy, but based on the movements a person needs to carry out their role in life), speech therapy (which focuses on speech and swallowing), or a mix of all three. 

After one to three weeks of inpatient rehab, the patient will usually head home, where they’re able to continue therapy via home visits from therapists or by attending an outpatient therapy center. Home care(NOT RECOVERY!) and outpatient therapy usually last three to six months, after which insurance typically stops covering it, Leung said. 

Therapies like these work because the brain is “plastic,” or able to adapt its abilities, Moriello said. Therapies after a stroke use repetition to reinforce or even recreate neural pathways associated with movement that may have been lost or damaged during the stroke. “We have to make sure a patient is getting enough repetition that we’re changing their brain, so that they can get back to doing some of the things they were doing before the stroke,” she said.

“The brain needs to re-learn that these things are important,” Leung said.

A stroke can also affect a patient’s emotional health. About half of stroke patients experience an increase in symptoms of anxiety and depression, and some patients also deal with post-traumatic stress disorder. “Strokes are scary, and they make people introspective and concerned about a potential second stroke,” Thaler said. Physicians typically refer patients struggling with anxiety and depression after a stroke to counseling or psychotherapy. In some cases, they also prescribe a patient medications meant to improve mental health.

Leung hopes that physicians who treat stroke patients begin to think of stroke recovery as a never-ending process. There’s a misconception that stroke patients reach their maximum recovery within a few months after their stroke. “That’s the dominant narrative,” Leung said. But research shows that a person can continue to regain function throughout their life. “We have to shift our understanding of stroke,” he said. Leung also hopes that ongoing research will help physicians better personalize therapies for stroke patients based on the location of their stroke in the brain, among other factors.

Moriello and Leung also stressed the importance of counseling patients during recovery about how to avoid a second stroke. The risk factors for a second stroke are very similar to risk factors for a first stroke, with heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, and obesity at the top of the list. Losing weight and improving cardiovascular health through diet and exercise can mitigate those risk factors. Counseling for prevention “should be involved in every single person’s stroke recovery,” Moriello said. 

Therapies after a stroke use repetition to reinforce neural pathways associated with movement that were damaged during the stroke.  “We have to make sure a patient is getting enough repetition that we’re changing their brain, so they can get back to doing the things they were doing before the stroke.” 

Gabriele Moriello, physical therapist and associate professor at the School of Medicine

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Healing Factors

Many factors can either improve or hinder someone’s recovery. How quickly someone can get medical care(NOT RECOVERY!), and the type of care(NOT RECOVERY!) they’re able to get, play a large role, Moriello said. People who are able to recognize stroke symptoms quickly and get to a comprehensive stroke center are more likely to recover well. 

Two relatively new stroke treatments also provide a huge benefit to patients: intravenous medications that break up clots in the brain, called tissue plasminogen activator, or tPA, and a procedure called mechanical thrombectomy, in which a surgeon retrieves a clot using a catheter. Both treatments improve patient outcomes significantly, Thaler said, but need to be done within the first few hours of symptoms.

Proximity to a comprehensive stroke center (a hospital with certified abilities to treat stroke cases) largely determines whether someone will be able to get appropriate care(NOT RECOVERY!). But insurance also matters—research shows that patients with insurance that covers hospital care(NOT RECOVERY!) after a stroke have better outcomes and a lower risk of death.

Thaler pointed out that even without neurological improvement, there are ways to improve a patient’s quality of life, such as teaching the patient how to navigate daily tasks with the abilities they still have. For example, a patient with a completely paralyzed arm might learn how to use their other limbs in new ways to supplement their mobility. Promising new technologies—some that stimulate the brain to amplify its signals—can also improve patients’ lives, though research is ongoing, Leung said. 

A person’s support network can make a huge difference, too. For example, if someone recovering from a stroke has friends and family nearby, those loved ones can help them practice their therapies outside of a medical setting. “That helps us get in all the repetition that we need to make people better,” Moriello said. 

The landscape of stroke recovery and rehabilitation is evolving in a positive direction, allowing survivors to lead meaningful and enjoyable lives, Leung said. Nonetheless, he added, there is a critical need for further research to continue to progress rehabilitation strategies. 

Psilocybin Shows Promise for Parkinson’s Mood and Motor Symptoms

Hopefully your competent? doctor is already prescribing psilocybin for your stroke recovery and maybe it might prevent your risk of Parkinsons post stroke.

psilocybin (40 posts to May 2014)

Parkinson’s Disease May Have Link to Stroke March 2017

Psilocybin Shows Promise for Parkinson’s Mood and Motor Symptoms

Summary: A new pilot study reveals that psilocybin—the compound found in psychedelic mushrooms—may significantly improve mood, cognition, and motor function in people with Parkinson’s disease. The compound was well tolerated, with only mild side effects, and benefits persisted for weeks after dosing.

While the study was primarily designed to test safety, researchers observed meaningful and lasting improvements in multiple symptoms. The findings suggest psilocybin may enhance neuroplasticity and reduce inflammation, helping the brain heal itself.

Key Facts:

• Sustained Benefits: Improvements in mood, cognition, and movement lasted for weeks.
• Safe and Well Tolerated: Mild side effects reported, but no serious adverse events.
• Next Phase: A larger, multi-site trial will explore underlying mechanisms like neuroplasticity.

Source: UCSF

Psilocybin, a natural compound found in certain mushrooms, has shown promise in treating depression and anxiety.

UC San Francisco researchers wanted to know if it could be used to help Parkinson’s patients who often experience debilitating mood dysfunction in addition to their motor symptoms and don’t respond well to antidepressants or other medications.

The results were surprising.

Another theory is that psilocybin could provide relief from multiple symptoms of the disease by reducing inflammation and promoting neuroplasticity – the growth and reconnection of brain cells involved in mood, cognition, and movement regulation. Credit: Neuroscience News

Not only did participants tolerate the drug without serious side effects or worsening symptoms, which is what the pilot study was designed to test, they also experienced clinically significant improvements in mood, cognition, and motor function that lasted for weeks after the drug was out of their systems.

It is the first time a psychedelic has been tested on patients with any neurodegenerative disease.

“We are still in very early stages of this work, but this first study went well beyond what we expected,” said the paper’s first author, Ellen Bradley, MD, assistant professor and associate director of UCSF’s Translational Psychedelic Research Program (TrPR).

“Many people don’t realize this, but mood symptoms in Parkinson’s are linked to a faster physical decline,” she said.

“And they are actually a stronger predictor of patients’ quality of life with Parkinson’s than their motor symptoms.”

Researchers in the TrPR Program, within UCSF’s Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and the Department of Neurology, teamed up to lead this project, which was funded by an anonymous donor.

The findings appeared online earlier this month in Neuropsychopharmacology.

Psilocybin’s lasting mood and motor effects

Parkinson’s disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by uncontrolled movements due to abnormal brain activity, affects about 1 million Americans.

While medications like levodopa can relieve symptoms, there are no approved therapies to slow the progression or reverse the disease itself.

Common early physical symptoms include tremors and foot dragging, but Bradley said anxiety and depression in patients with no history of psychiatric problems often precede the onset of motor symptoms by several years.

It’s unclear why standard medications often don’t work well for these patients, but mood changes could be part of the neurodegenerative disease process.

To test the safety of psilocybin for these patients, the researchers gave seven men and five women with mild to moderate Parkinson’s disease a 10 mg dose, followed two weeks later by a higher dose of 25 mg.

The patients completed psychotherapy sessions before and after the psilocybin — eight sessions in total — and were evaluated for changes in mood, cognition, and motor functions.

While nearly all participants experienced some adverse events while on the psilocybin, such as anxiety, nausea, and elevated blood pressure, these were not serious enough to require medical intervention.

The participants had meaningful improvements in their mood, cognition, and motor symptoms at both their one-week and one-month follow-up appointments.

The team evaluated the participants’ mood again three months after their psilocybin sessions and found it was still significantly improved.

The researchers suggested a variety of explanations for the improvements. The beneficial impact of psilocybin on the patients’ mood could have led to better cognitive and motor functions.

For example, people feel better, and that, in turn, helps them socialize and become more active – both key elements of Parkinson’s treatment.

Another theory is that psilocybin could provide relief from multiple symptoms of the disease by reducing inflammation and promoting neuroplasticity – the growth and reconnection of brain cells involved in mood, cognition, and movement regulation.

An expansion into unchartered territory

The results of this pilot study were promising enough that the researchers are conducting a larger randomized controlled trial at UCSF, enrolling a larger and more diverse group of patients.

The second study incorporates noninvasive brain stimulation, neuroimaging and other tools to understand how psilocybin impacts inflammation and neuroplasticity.

It will include a second site at Yale University, with the aim of enrolling 100 participants. This work will be funded by the same anonymous donor that paid for the safety pilot as well as by the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research.

“The vast majority of brain diseases still lack interventions that change the course of illness,” said the study’s senior author, Joshua Woolley, MD, PhD, associate professor at UCSF and director of the TrPR Program.

“We can often treat the symptoms, but we don’t alter the trajectory or prevent decline. Now, that’s beginning to change. These results raise the exciting possibility that psilocybin may help the brain repair itself.”

Authors: Additional co-authors include Kimberly Sakai, BA, Gisele Fernandes-Osterhold, MFT, Balázs Szigeti, PhD, Connie Ludwig, PhD, Jill L. Ostrem, MD, Caroline M. Tanner, MD, PhD, Meredith A. Block, MD, Katia Llerena, PhD, Patrick R. Finley, PharmD, Aoife O’Donovan, PhD, Jose Rafael P. Zuzuarregui, MD, Amber McKernan, BA, Andrew D. Penn, NP, Aliss C.C. Wang, MFT, and Raymond C. Rosen, PhD.

Funding: The trial was funded by an anonymous donor.

About this Parkinson’s disease and neuropharmacology research news

Author: Victoria Colliver
Source: UCSF
Contact: Victoria Colliver – UCSF
Image: The image is credited to Neuroscience News

Original Research: Open access.
“Psilocybin therapy for mood dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease: an open-label pilot trial” by Ellen Bradley, et al. Neuropsychopharmacology

Baxter Health Cline Emergency Center Recognized for Excellence in Stroke Patient Care by Arkansas Department of Health

 

This is the whole problem in stroke enumerated in one word; 'care'; NOT RECOVERY!

YOU have to get involved and change this failure mindset of 'care' to 100% RECOVERY! Survivors want RECOVERY, NOT 'CARE'!

I see nothing here that states going for 100% recovery! You need to create EXACT PROTOCOLS FOR THAT!

ASK SURVIVORS WHAT THEY WANT, THEY'LL NEVER RESPOND 'CARE'! This tyranny of low expectations has to be completely rooted out of any stroke conversation! I wouldn't go there because of such incompetency as not having 100% recovery protocols!

RECOVERY IS THE ONLY GOAL IN STROKE! GET THERE!

Baxter Health Cline Emergency Center Recognized for Excellence in Stroke Patient Care by Arkansas Department of Health

Baxter Health Cline Emergency Center is proud to announce that it has been recognized by the Arkansas Department of Health for its exceptional stroke patient care(NOT RECOVERY!). The hospital achieved the Diamond recognition for its outstanding performance based on the Arkansas Stroke Registry data covering patient discharges between July 2023 and June 2024. The Diamond Award is based on the level of adherence of 95%+. The award highlights Baxter Health's commitment to providing compassionate, high-quality care(NOT RECOVERY!) and improving outcomes for stroke patients.

This recognition comes as part of the Arkansas Department of Health's annual stroke awards, which evaluate hospitals on several key metrics, including defect-free stroke care(NOT RECOVERY!), documentation of stroke bands, and door-to-CT times. Defect-free care is a composite measure based on American Heart Association/American Stroke Association (AHA/ASA) Coverdell metrics, ensuring stroke patients receive timely and appropriate treatment. Documentation of stroke bands supports data collection for continuous quality improvement, while faster door-to-CT times enhance the chances of better patient outcomes.

To qualify for the award, hospitals must either be designated through the Arkansas Department of Health or a national accreditation body. The award recognizes healthcare teams that demonstrate excellence in stroke care across these critical areas.

For a complete listing of all award winners, please visit Arkansas Stroke Registry.

Factors affecting online health information- seeking behavior in young and middle-aged patients with stroke

Simple. They're trying to find 100% recovery information which their stroke medical 'professionals' know nothing about!

 Factors affecting online health information-seeking behavior in young and middle-aged patients with stroke

PLOS One | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321791 April 28, 2025 1 / 15
OPEN ACCESS
Citation: Shi G, Yu J, Shang L, Zhang J, Zhao
J, Peng Z (2025) Factors affecting online health
information-seeking behavior in young and
middle-aged patients with stroke. PLoS One
20(4): e0321791. https://doi.org/10.1371/
journal.pone.0321791
Editor: Nicola Diviani, Swiss Paraplegic
Research, SWITZERLAND
Received: August 23, 2024
Accepted: March 11, 2025
Published: April 28, 2025
Peer Review History: PLOS recognizes the
benefits of transparency in the peer review
process; therefore, we enable the publication
of all of the content of peer review and
author responses alongside final, published
articles. The editorial history of this article is
available here: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.
pone.0321791
Copyright: © 2025 Shi et al. This is an open
access article distributed under the terms of
the Creative Commons Attribution License,
which permits unrestricted use, distribution,
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Factors affecting online health information-
seeking behavior in young and middle-aged
patients with stroke
Ge Shi1‡, Jiajia Yu2‡, Jiaming Zhang1,Jun Zhao1,Zhen Peng1, Li Shang 2*
1 School of Nursing (School of Gerontology), Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China,
2 Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
‡ GS and JY also contributed equally to this work.
* shangli1977@163.com

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the characteristics of online health information-seeking
behavior and the influencing factors among young and middle-aged Chinese patients
with stroke. The participants of this study were 230 young and middle-aged patients
with stroke enrolled from a Class III Grade A hospital in Shandong Province, China,
using convenience sampling from October 31, 2023, to May 15, 2024. Based on
relevant theories and literature reviews, a self-administered questionnaire was used
to analyze the influencing factors regarding six aspects: general demographic char-
acteristics, disease factors, psychological factors, environmental factors, information
factors, and information technology factors. Univariate, Correlation, and multivariate
analyses were conducted to explore the factors affecting online health information-
seeking behavior. The results showed that age, literacy level, stroke course, hos-
pitalizations, treatment methods, number of combined chronic diseases, perceived
usefulness, perceived ease of use, e-health literacy, self-efficacy, perceived benefit,
health anxiety, quality of information, social influence, perceived risk, and privacy
of information were all factors that influenced the online health information-seeking
behavior in young and middle-aged patients with stroke. Age, perceived risk, and
information privacy were negatively associated with online health information-seeking
behavior, whereas the other variables were positively correlated. This study provides
scientific insights into the intervention of online health information-seeking behavior
in young and middle-aged patients with stroke and contributes to the enhancement of
online health information literacy.