USC study identifies brain rewiring mechanism that may aid stroke recovery

 But you didn't create a useable protocol that repeatedly delivers recovery! This did nothing that will help survivors! You're fired!

USC study identifies brain rewiring mechanism that may aid stroke recovery

Findings from an international ENIGMA collaboration reveal that stroke survivors with severe motor impairment show signs of brain “youthfulness” in undamaged regions, suggesting compensatory neuroplasticity.

Peer-Reviewed Publication

Keck School of Medicine of USC

In a new study published in The Lancet Digital Health, scientists at the USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute (Stevens INI) have discovered that the brains of people who experience severe physical impairment after a stroke may reorganize themselves in unexpected ways, showing signs of “younger” brain structure in undamaged regions as they adapt to injury.

The international research effort is part of the Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Stroke Recovery Working Group, which analyzed brain scans from more than 500 stroke survivors across 34 research sites in eight countries. Using deep learning models trained on tens of thousands of MRI scans, the researchers estimated the “brain age” of different regions in each hemisphere to see how stroke damage affects brain structure and recovery.

“We found that larger strokes accelerate aging in the damaged hemisphere but paradoxically make the opposite side of the brain appear younger,” said Hosung Kim, PhD, associate professor of research neurology at the Keck School of Medicine of USC and co-senior author of the study. “This pattern suggests the brain may be reorganizing itself, essentially rejuvenating undamaged networks to compensate for lost function.”

The research team used an advanced form of artificial intelligence known as a graph convolutional network to predict the biological age of 18 brain regions from MRI data. The difference between a person’s predicted brain age and their actual chronological age, known as the brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD), served as a sensitive marker of neural health.

When the team associated these measurements with motor performance scores, they found a striking pattern: stroke survivors with severe movement deficits, even after more than 6 months of rehabilitation, showed younger-than-expected brain age in regions opposite the lesion, particularly within the frontoparietal network, a key system involved in motor planning, attention, and coordination.

“These findings suggest that when stroke damage leads to greater movement loss, undamaged regions on the opposite side of the brain may adapt to help compensate,” Kim explained. “We saw this in the contralesional frontoparietal network, which showed a more ‘youthful’ pattern and is known to support motor planning, attention, and coordination. Rather than indicating full recovery of movement, this pattern may reflect the brain’s attempt to adjust when the damaged motor system can no longer function normally. This gives us a new way to see neuroplasticity that traditional imaging could not capture.”

The study was conducted through ENIGMA, a global alliance that unites data from more than 50 countries to better understand the brain across diseases. Researchers harmonized MRI data and clinical measures across dozens of cohorts to build the world’s largest stroke neuroimaging dataset of its kind.

“By pooling data from hundreds of stroke survivors worldwide and applying cutting-edge AI, we can detect subtle patterns of brain reorganization that would be invisible in smaller studies. These findings of regionally differential brain aging in chronic stroke could eventually guide personalized rehabilitation strategies,” said Arthur W. Toga, PhD, director of the Stevens INI and Provost Professor at USC.

The team plans to expand their work to include longitudinal studies tracking patients from the acute to chronic stages of stroke recovery. By observing how patterns of brain aging and reorganization develop over time, clinicians might be able to customize interventions based on each patient’s unique neural adaptation process, ultimately improving recovery outcomes and quality of life in the near future.

Learn more about associations between contralesional neuroplasticity and motor impairment by viewing this video made by the Stevens INI.

About the study

The study, “Deep learning prediction of MRI-based regional brain age reveals contralesional neuroplasticity associated with severe motor impairment in chronic stroke: A worldwide ENIGMA study,” was funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant R01 NS115845 and supported by international collaborators from institutions including the University of British Columbia, Monash University, Emory University, and the University of Oslo.

For more information on the ENIGMA Stroke Recovery Working Group, visit https://enigma.ini.usc.edu.

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Journal

The Lancet Digital Health

DOI

10.1016/j.landig.2025.100942 

Method of Research

Meta-analysis

Subject of Research

People

Article Title

Associations between contralesional neuroplasticity and motor impairment through deep learning-derived MRI regional brain age in chronic stroke (ENIGMA): a multicohort, retrospective, observational study

Article Publication Date

22-Jan-2026

COI Statement

SCC is a consultant for Alevian, Astellas, Bayer, BlueRock Therapeutics, BrainQ, Constant Therapeutics, Medtronic, MicroTransponder, Myomo, Myrobalan, NeuroTrauma Sciences, Simcere, and TRCare. CAH served as a consultant to MagStim and Roswell Park Cancer Insitute, and is an employee of BrainsWay. AB has served on Scientific Advisory Boards for Eisai, Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk, and Roche; was the honorary chair of the International Stroke Genomics Consortium 2025–27; was a medical advisor for Dementia Australia; and received support from Lilly for attendance at the Australian Dementia Research Forum, Perth, Australia (June, 2025). LTW is a shareholder and research advisor in baba.vision. BH reports a clinical partnership with Fourier Technology. FP received honoraria for an educational event for EISAI. NJ received a speaker honorarium from the University of Southern California and served on the National Advisory Mental Health Council on High Dementional Datasets. CJW receives royalties from the 2nd Edition of Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation, Demos Medical Publishing; is a consultant for MicroTransponder and MedRhythm; and is a member of the Data Safety and Monitoring Committee of Enspire Deep Brain Stimulation Therapy.

Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.

NHS rehabilitation care staff shortage fails stroke patients, say health leaders

 If all you are delivering is 'care'; THEN YOU ARE COMPLETELY FUCKING INCOMPETENT!

You do realize survivors want 100% recovery and YOU BLITHERING IDIOTS ARE FAILING AT THAT!

NHS rehabilitation care staff shortage fails stroke patients, say health leaders

People receive rehab only three to four days a week in hospital – and one to two days once they are discharged, data suggests

The NHS is failing stroke patients and limiting their chances of recovery because of a shortage of rehabilitation care staff, health leaders have said.

More people are surviving strokes than ever before in the UK. But their hopes of getting better are being dashed because of a lack of physiotherapists and other specialist staff, according to the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy and the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Neurology.

National guidelines say people who have had a stroke should receive therapy-based rehabilitation for three hours a day, five days a week. But data suggests that, on average, people only receive rehab three to four days a week in hospital, and one to two days once they are discharged, the CSP and Acpin said.

Ash James, the director of practice and development at the CSP, said despite record numbers of registered physiotherapists, stroke services were unable to provide the care patients needed because they were chronically understaffed.(The understaffing is not the main problem! The main problem is you have nothing for 100% recovery! That is a fireable offense!)

He said: “Something is going seriously wrong in our health system if the NHS is failing to turn workforce growth into the posts required to meet even the minimum standards for stroke rehabilitation.

“It is deeply concerning that our members are going above and beyond to advocate for their patients and secure the staffing they need, only to have their concerns dismissed.”

Recreational drugs can more than double risk of stroke, study suggests

Read more

A national survey of stroke physiotherapists working in 159 NHS services across the UK found workforce shortages across different aspects of stroke care. These included community stroke services, acute stroke teams and community rehabilitation support.

Findings from the 2025 stroke physiotherapy workforce survey suggested there were 26% fewer physiotherapists than national guidance recommends in community stroke services. Acute stroke teams were also operating with 15% fewer physiotherapists than recommended, and community rehabilitation support workers were 36% below guidance levels.

The Acpin chair, Adine Adonis, said: “More people are surviving strokes in the UK than ever before, but survival must be matched with the chance to recover well. These findings highlight a stark and urgent gap in the number of physiotherapists and support staff available to provide the specialist rehabilitation that stroke survivors rely on. This is not good enough.

“It is failing people every day and limiting their potential for recovery. We need immediate action to ensure every stroke survivor receives the physiotherapy support they deserve.”

Juliet Bouverie, the chief executive of the Stroke Association, said about 240 people in the UK had their lives “potentially destroyed” by stroke every day. She said: “Stroke survivors are at risk of being unable to see, speak, move or even swallow, which has a huge impact on their ability to enjoy a full and independent way of life.

Quality of rehabilitation care in Portuguese stroke units: findings from 2017–2018 and 2023 national cross‑sectional surveys

 Since you're measuring 'care' NOT RECOVERY; you're COMPLETELY FUCKING INCOMPETENT AND DESERVE TO BE KEEL HAULED!

There are no excuses for such incompetent crapola! I'd have you all fired!

Quality of rehabilitation care in Portuguese stroke units: findings from 2017–2018 and 2023 national cross‑sectional surveys

• oana Teles SarmentoDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Unidade Local de Saúde do Médio Ave, Vila Nova de Famalicão, Portugal
• Ana AlvesPhysical and Rehabilitation Clinic of S. Nicolau, Porto, Portugal
• Paulo Castro-ChavesRISE-Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Internal Medicine, Unidade Local de Saúde de São João, Porto, Portugal
• Bárbara M. CruzDepartment of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Santo António, Porto, Portugal
• Cristina JácomeRISE-Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

DOI: 

https://doi.org/10.2340/jrm.v58.44855

Keywords: 

Guideline Adherence, Health Services Research;, Quality Indicators, Rehabilitation, Stroke

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate adherence to stroke rehabilitation guidelines in Portuguese stroke units from the physicians’ perspective and examine changes over 6 years.

Design: A national cross-sectional survey across 2 time periods (2017–2018 and 2023).

Methods: Stroke units recognized by the Portuguese Stroke Society were invited to participate: 27 in 2017–2018 and 35 in 2023. A structured questionnaire, aligned with national and international guidelines, assessed 5 domains: team composition, care coordination, early assessment and planning, dysfunction assessments, and post-discharge planning.

Results: Response rates were 93% (n = 25) and 80% (n = 28). Most units (> 75%) had a physiatrist, physiotherapist, speech therapist, rehabilitation nurse, and social worker; only 20% had the full recommended team. Weekly stroke unit meetings were stable (88–89%), while rehabilitation team meetings increased markedly between the 2 periods (20% vs 72%). Rehabilitation started earlier on weekdays (89% vs 79%) than at weekends (68% vs 57%). Dysphagia screening was common (96% vs 89%), but neurogenic bladder assessment was rare (< 8%). The Modified Rankin Scale and Barthel Index were consistently used. Post-discharge planning remained high (92% vs 89%), with improved coordination between teams (48% vs 89%).

Conclusion: Portuguese Stroke Units demonstrated moderate-to-high adherence to rehabilitation guidelines, with progress in teamwork communication and care coordination, although important gaps remain.

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The MIND Diet Slows the Physical Aging of the Brain Itself by Super Age

 

Ask your competent? doctor for EXACT DIET PROTOCOLS! None of this MIND diet guidelines; they have NO specifics! You need SPECIFICS!

How the hell else is your incompetent? doctor recovering your 5 lost years of brain cognition due to your stroke?

Do you prefer your doctor, hospital and board of director's incompetence NOT KNOWING? OR NOT DOING? Your choice; let them be incompetent or demand action!

The MIND Diet Slows the Physical Aging of the Brain Itself