This
chapter is aimed to introduce the different key features of virtual
reality (VR) systems and its potential use for stroke motor recovery. It
provided a synthesis of the scientific evidence based on systematic
reviews and meta-analyses, on the effects of VR interventions in
patients with stroke.
The required features of VR systems to offer
an individualized therapy were: immersion, presence and embodiment
levels, reinforced feedback, and types of VR systems according to the
purpose of their hardware. VR systems were classified in specific
rehabilitation VR systems, which incorporate principles of
neurorehabilitation that potentially enhance learning and recovery, and
commercial VR video game consoles, which are mainly designed to
entertainment purposes.
Scientific literature showed potential
benefits of VR interventions on balance, gait, and upper-limb motor
function. However, the evidence on quality of life and upper-limb muscle
strength is still limited. Most benefits were obtained when VR was
added to conventional physical therapy (CPT) and, consequently, the
increased dosage of therapy could be determinant. Therefore, this
chapter provides a starting point on which to make decisions in research
and clinical settings. Further research is needed to analyze whether VR
interventions are more effective than CPT when the same dosage is used.
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